Experimental Design Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

What is the key difference between dependent variables and controlled variables in an experiment?

  • Dependent variables are held constant, while controlled variables are measured.
  • Dependent variables are measured first, while controlled variables are measured last.
  • Dependent variables are manipulated, while controlled variables are measured.
  • Dependent variables are measured based on manipulations, while controlled variables are kept constant. (correct)

In a scientific experiment, why is it important to have a representative sample?

  • To ensure that the sample is large enough to capture variation in the population.
  • To make conclusions about the larger population from the sample. (correct)
  • To guarantee that the sample is randomly selected.
  • To prevent using individuals more than once in the experiment.

When interpreting experimental results, what should scientists consider in addition to comparing with hypotheses and predictions?

  • Correlation between different variables
  • The number of individuals in the sample
  • Accepting all hypotheses as correct
  • Alternative explanations for the results (correct)

What should scientific questions focus on?

<p>Observable phenomena (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why must a hypothesis be falsifiable?

<p>To enable testing and verification in the real world (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of generating predictions from hypotheses?

<p>To provide a basis for testing the hypothesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the independent variable in an experiment?

<p>It is the variable that is manipulated or changed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the given text, why was it important for scientists to exclude the alternate explanation that diet preference explains observations?

<p>To confirm that the high-toxin plant was directly impacting the number of eggs laid by monarch caterpillars (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Harvard Step Test measure a person's cardiovascular fitness?

<p>By recording the person's pulse rate before and after exercise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to have at least one person designated to measure pulse rates/timer in the Harvard Step Test experiment?

<p>To ensure accurate data collection and reduce measurement errors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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