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Experimental Design Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

What is the key difference between dependent variables and controlled variables in an experiment?

Dependent variables are held constant, while controlled variables are measured.

Dependent variables are measured first, while controlled variables are measured last.

Dependent variables are manipulated, while controlled variables are measured.

Dependent variables are measured based on manipulations, while controlled variables are kept constant. (correct)

In a scientific experiment, why is it important to have a representative sample?

To ensure that the sample is large enough to capture variation in the population.

To make conclusions about the larger population from the sample. (correct)

To guarantee that the sample is randomly selected.

To prevent using individuals more than once in the experiment.

When interpreting experimental results, what should scientists consider in addition to comparing with hypotheses and predictions?

Correlation between different variables

The number of individuals in the sample

Accepting all hypotheses as correct

Alternative explanations for the results (correct)

What should scientific questions focus on?

Observable phenomena Signup and view all the answers

Why must a hypothesis be falsifiable?

To enable testing and verification in the real world Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of generating predictions from hypotheses?

To provide a basis for testing the hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the independent variable in an experiment?

It is the variable that is manipulated or changed Signup and view all the answers

In the given text, why was it important for scientists to exclude the alternate explanation that diet preference explains observations?

To confirm that the high-toxin plant was directly impacting the number of eggs laid by monarch caterpillars Signup and view all the answers

How does the Harvard Step Test measure a person's cardiovascular fitness?

By recording the person's pulse rate before and after exercise Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to have at least one person designated to measure pulse rates/timer in the Harvard Step Test experiment?

To ensure accurate data collection and reduce measurement errors Signup and view all the answers