Experimental Design & Bias Mitigation

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following strategies is most effective for mitigating the risk of bias in machine learning models?

  • Ignoring potential biases in training data to ensure the model reflects real-world disparities.
  • Carefully selecting features and applying appropriate regularization techniques to prevent overfitting to biased data. (correct)
  • Using a smaller dataset to reduce computational complexity.
  • Employing data augmentation techniques to artificially inflate the size of the biased group.

In the context of experimental design, what is the primary purpose of randomization?

  • To ensure that the sample is representative of the population.
  • To evenly distribute confounding variables across treatment groups, reducing bias. (correct)
  • To eliminate the need for statistical analysis.
  • To increase the statistical power of the experiment by maximizing sample size.

How does an increase in sample size generally affect the power of a statistical test, assuming all other factors remain constant?

  • It only affects the power if the effect size is small.
  • It increases the power, making it easier to detect a true effect. (correct)
  • It has no impact on the power of the test.
  • It decreases the power because a larger sample introduces more variability.

Consider two datasets with equal means but different standard deviations. Which dataset would require a larger sample size to achieve the same level of statistical power in a hypothesis test?

<p>The dataset with the larger standard deviation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A researcher wants to study the effect of a new drug on reducing blood pressure. What type of experimental design would best control for the placebo effect?

<p>A double-blind study where neither the participants nor the researchers know who receives the drug or a placebo. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key assumption of linear regression?

<p>The variance of the errors is constant across all levels of the independent variables (homoscedasticity). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In A/B testing, what does a statistically significant result indicate?

<p>There is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a real difference between the groups. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using cross-validation techniques in machine learning model evaluation?

<p>To obtain a more reliable estimate of the model's performance on unseen data. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a classification problem with a highly imbalanced dataset (e.g., 90% negative, 10% positive). Which evaluation metric is most appropriate for assessing model performance?

<p>F1-score (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of regularization in machine learning?

<p>To prevent overfitting by adding a penalty term to the model's loss function. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Largest US State by Area

Alaska is the largest state in the USA by area.

Study Notes

  • Alaska is the largest state in the United States by area.
  • Texas and California are also large states but smaller than Alaska.

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