Experimental Design and Data Analysis Quiz

Study Notes

Experimental Design

A hypothesis is a proposed explanation based on prior knowledge.
A variable is any factor, trait, or condition that can change.
An independent variable is intentionally changed in an experiment.
A dependent variable is measured to observe the effect of the independent variable.
Control variables remain constant to ensure a fair test.
A control group is a group that does not receive the treatment, used for comparison.
A procedure is a detailed step-by-step guide for an experiment.
A trial is a single repetition of an experiment.

Data Collection and Analysis

Data is information collected through observations or measurements.
Observation is noting and recording data using senses or tools.
Measurement is assigning numerical values to observations with units.
Accuracy describes how close a measured value is to the true value.
Precision refers to how consistently results can be replicated.
An average is the sum of all values divided by the total number of values.
A graph visually represents data patterns and relationships.
A trend is the overall direction of data points.
A unit is a standard used to specify measurement (e.g., meters, seconds).
An outlier is a data point significantly different from others.

Conclusion and Evaluation

A conclusion is a reasoned judgment based on evidence from an investigation.
Evidence supports or refutes a hypothesis or claim.
Inference is a logical interpretation of data or observations.
Error affects the accuracy or reliability of data.
Evaluation is the assessment of an investigation's design and results to identify improvements.

Common Lab Equipment

A beaker is a cylindrical container for holding, mixing, or heating substances.
A graduated cylinder accurately measures liquid volume.
A thermometer measures temperature in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
A digital scale measures mass in grams or kilograms.
An Erlenmeyer flask holds and mixes liquids, minimizing spillage.
A stopwatch measures time intervals.
A Bunsen burner is a small gas flame used to heat substances.
A digital probe is an electronic sensor for collecting precise data (e.g., temperature, pH).
A test tube is a small glass tube for holding, mixing, or heating small amounts of substances.
A test tube rack holds test tubes upright.

Description

Test your understanding of the essential concepts of experimental design and data collection. This quiz covers topics like variables, control groups, and data accuracy. Enhance your knowledge and sharpen your analytical skills.