Exercises on Polynomials

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Questions and Answers

If a cubic polynomial has zeros of 2, -3, and 4, which of the following could be the polynomial?

  • $x^3 + 3x^2 + 10x + 24$
  • $x^3 - 3x^2 - 10x + 24$ (correct)
  • $x^3 - 3x^2 + 10x - 24$
  • $x^3 + 3x^2 - 10x - 24$

A cubic polynomial has zeros of $\frac{1}{2}$, 1, and -3. Which of the following is a possible form of this polynomial?

  • $2x^3 + 3x^2 - 5x + 3$
  • $2x^3 - x^2 - 5x + 3$
  • $2x^3 + x^2 - 5x - 3$ (correct)
  • $2x^3 + x^2 + 5x - 3$

A cubic polynomial has a sum of zeros equal to 5, a sum of the product of its zeros taken two at a time equal to -2, and a product of its zeros equal to -24. Which polynomial satisfies these conditions?

  • $x^3 - 5x^2 + 2x - 24$
  • $x^3 + 5x^2 - 2x - 24$
  • $x^3 - 5x^2 - 2x + 24$ (correct)
  • $x^3 + 5x^2 + 2x + 24$

When $f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 5x - 3$ is divided by $g(x) = x^2 - 2$, what is the quotient?

<p>$x - 3$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When $f(x) = x^4 - 3x^2 + 4x + 5$ is divided by $g(x) = x^2 + 1 - x$, what is the remainder?

<p>$-2x - 2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When $f(x) = x^4 - 5x + 6$ is divided by $g(x) = 2 - x^2$, what is the quotient?

<p>$-x^2 - 2$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given that $x^2 - 3$ is a factor of $2x^4 + 3x^3 - 2x^2 - 9x - 12$, what is the result of the division?

<p>The division should result in no remainder. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the polynomial $x^4 + 2x^3 + 8x^2 + 12x + 18$ is divided by $x^2 + 5$ and the remainder is of the form $px + q$, what are the values of $p$ and $q$?

<p>$p = 2, q = 3$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When $3x^3 + x^2 + 2x + 5$ is divided by a polynomial $g(x)$, the quotient is $3x - 5$ and the remainder is $9x + 10$. What is the polynomial $g(x)$?

<p>$x^2 - 2x + 5$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given $f(x) = 8 + 20x + x^2 - 6x^3$ and $g(x) = 2 + 5x - 3x^2$, which statement verifies the division algorithm?

<p>f(x) divided by g(x) results in a constant quotient and remainder of 0. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If -1 is one of the zeros of the polynomial $x^3 + 2x^2 - 11x - 12$, what are the other zeros?

<p>3 and -4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 1 and -2 are two zeros of the polynomial $x^3 - 4x^2 - 7x + 10$, what is the third zero?

<p>5 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 3 and -3 are two zeros of the polynomial $x^4 + x^3 - 11x^2 - 9x + 18$, what are the other zeros?

<p>1 and -2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 2 and -2 are two zeros of the polynomial $2x^4 - 5x^3 - 11x^2 + 20x + 12$, what are the other zeros?

<p>3/2 and -1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a cubic polynomial $p(x) = ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d$ with zeros $\alpha$, $\beta$, and $\gamma$, which of the following relationships between the zeros and the coefficients is correct?

<p>$\alpha + \beta + \gamma = -\frac{b}{a}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding polynomial division?

<p>The degree of the remainder must always be less than the degree of the divisor. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given a polynomial $f(x)$ and a factor $(x - a)$, what does the Factor Theorem state?

<p>If $f(a) = 0$, then $(x - a)$ is a factor of $f(x)$. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a polynomial $p(x)$ is divided by $(x - a)$ and the remainder is $R$, what does the Remainder Theorem state?

<p>$p(a) = R$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider the polynomial division algorithm: Dividend = (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder. Which of these must be true?

<p>Degree(Remainder) &lt; Degree(Divisor) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What defines a cubic polynomial?

A cubic polynomial has a degree of 3, meaning the highest power of the variable x is 3.

How to verify a zero of a polynomial?

To verify if a number is a zero of a polynomial, substitute the number for the variable in the polynomial. If the result is zero, then the number is a zero of the polynomial.

What are coefficients?

Coefficients are the numerical or constant quantity placed before and multiplying the variable in an algebraic expression.

Relation between zeros and coefficients?

The sum, sum of the product of its zeros taken two at a time, and the product of its zeros are related to the coefficients of the polynomial.

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What is polynomial division?

Polynomial long division is an algorithm for dividing a polynomial by another polynomial of a lower degree.

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What is the division algorithm?

The division algorithm states that for any polynomials f(x) and g(x) (where g(x) ≠ 0), there exist unique polynomials q(x) and r(x) such that f(x) = g(x) * q(x) + r(x).

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What is the factor theorem?

If a polynomial p(x) is divided by (x - a) and the remainder is zero, then (x - a) is a factor of p(x).

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How to find all zeros of a polynomial?

Given a polynomial p(x), to find all zeros, you can use synthetic division or polynomial long division to reduce the polynomial to a lower degree, and then solve for the remaining zeros.

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Study Notes

  • These notes cover exercises on polynomials
  • There are questions to verify zeros and relationships, find cubic polynomials, perform division, and apply the division algorithm

Verifying Zeros and Relationships

  • 3, -2, and 1 are zeros of the cubic polynomial p(x) = x³ - 2x² - 5x + 6
  • It is important to verify the relationship between these zeros and the coefficients
  • Similarly, 5, -2, and 1/3 are zeros of the polynomial p(x) = 3x³ - 10x² - 27x + 10
  • The relationship between zeros and coefficients should also be verified for this polynomial

Finding Cubic Polynomials

  • Need to determine a cubic polynomial given the zeros 2, -3, and 4
  • Need to determine a cubic polynomial given the zeros 1/2, 1, and -3
  • Determine a cubic polynomial given:
  • The sum of its zeros
  • The sum of the product of its zeros taken two at a time
  • The product of its zeros are 5, -2, and -24 respectively

Polynomial Division

  • Find the quotient and remainder when f(x) = x³ - 3x² + 5x - 3 is divided by g(x) = x² - 2
  • Find the quotient and remainder when f(x) = x⁴ - 3x² + 4x + 5 is divided by g(x) = x² + 1 - x
  • Find the quotient and remainder when f(x) = x⁴ - 5x + 6 is divided by g(x) = 2 - x²
  • Show that x² - 3 is a factor of 2x⁴ + 3x³ - 2x² - 9x - 12 using polynomial division
  • The polynomial (x⁴ + 2x³ + 8x² + 12x + 18) divided by (x² + 5) has a remainder of (px + q)
  • Determine the values of p and q

Applying the Division Algorithm

  • When 3x⁴ + x³ + 2x + 5 is divided by g(x), the quotient and remainder are (3x - 5) and (9x + 10) respectively
  • Find g(x)
  • Verify the division algorithm for f(x) = 8 + 20x + x² - 6x³ and g(x) = 2 + 5x - 3x²

Finding Zeros with Given Information

  • Given that -1 is a zero of the polynomial x³ + 2x² - 11x - 12, find all the zeros
  • Given 1 and -2 are zeros of x³ - 4x² - 7x + 10, find the third zero
  • Given 3 and -3 are zeros of x⁴ + x³ - 11x² - 9x + 18, find all zeros
  • Given 2 and -2 are zeros of 2x⁴ - 5x³ - 11x² + 20x + 12, find all zeros

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