Exercise Physiology Quiz

The Bohr effect is the shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve to the right due to increased acidity (lower pH) and higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$). This shift makes it easier for hemoglobin to release oxygen to tissues.

The oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve illustrates the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen ($PO_2$) and the percentage of hemoglobin saturation with oxygen. It shows how readily hemoglobin binds and releases oxygen.

During exercise, the body produces more carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and lactic acid, leading to increased acidity (lower pH). This triggers the Bohr effect, causing the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve to shift to the right, promoting oxygen release to working muscles.

During recovery after exercise, the body eliminates carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and lactic acid, reducing acidity. This causes the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve to shift back to the left, promoting oxygen uptake by the lungs.

The relationship between heart rate and exercise intensity is generally linear, with heart rate increasing as exercise intensity rises. During recovery, the heart rate gradually returns to resting levels.