60 Questions
What is the primary function of the excretory system?
To remove metabolic waste products
Which of the following waste products is formed from the breakdown of proteins in the liver?
Urea
Where are the kidneys located?
On either side of the spine, just below the ribcage
What is the function of the ureters?
To transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder
What is the approximate length of each ureter?
25-30 cm
What is the function of the bladder?
To store urine
How much urine can the bladder hold?
300-500 ml
What is the function of the urethra in males?
For urination and semen ejaculation
What is the process by which the kidneys filter blood?
Filtration
What is the term for the muscular contractions that propel urine downward through the ureters?
Peristalsis
What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the nephron?
Filtration of blood to remove waste products
What is the purpose of reabsorption in the nephron?
To retain necessary nutrients and maintain fluid balance
What is the function of the renal tubules in the nephron?
Reabsorption of essential substances
What is the result of kidney failure?
A buildup of waste products and fluids in the body
What is the cause of glomerulonephritis?
Infections, autoimmune diseases, or other underlying health conditions
What is a common symptom of bladder infections?
Frequent urge to urinate
What is the primary function of the collecting ducts in the nephron?
Funneling of urine into the renal pelvis
What is the treatment for PKD?
Treatments to manage symptoms and slow disease progression
What is the result of kidney stones forming in the kidneys?
Severe pain when passing through the urinary tract
What is essential for supporting the excretory system's health?
Regular hydration and a balanced diet
What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the nephron?
Filtering blood to remove waste products
What is the purpose of the renal tubules in the nephron?
Reabsorbing essential substances back into the bloodstream
What is the result of acute kidney injury?
Kidney failure
What is the primary cause of bladder infections?
Bacteria entering the bladder
What is the function of the collecting ducts in the nephron?
Funneling urine into the renal pelvis
What is a common symptom of kidney stones?
Severe pain when passing through the urinary tract
What is the treatment for glomerulonephritis?
Addressing the underlying cause and managing symptoms
What is the characteristic of Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)?
Growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys
What is the primary function of the urethra?
Expelling urine from the body
What is the result of kidney failure?
Buildup of waste products and fluids in the body
Which of the following is a by-product of cellular respiration that the excretory system removes?
Carbon dioxide
What is the main function of the kidneys in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance?
Filtering blood to remove waste products
Which of the following organs is responsible for storing urine until it is ready to be excreted?
Bladder
What is the term for the process by which the kidneys filter blood to remove waste products?
Filtration
Which of the following is a function of the smooth muscle in the bladder walls?
Contracting to expel urine during urination
Which of the following organs connects the bladder to the exterior of the body?
Urethra
What is the primary function of the excretory system in maintaining homeostasis?
Removing metabolic waste products
Which of the following is a function of the kidneys in maintaining blood pressure regulation?
Producing hormones to regulate blood pressure
What is the term for the muscular contractions that propel urine downward through the ureters?
Peristalsis
Which of the following organs is responsible for removing waste products and excess substances from the blood?
Kidneys
What is the primary purpose of reabsorption in the renal tubules of the nephron?
To retain essential nutrients and maintain fluid balance
Which of the following health issues is characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys?
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)
What is the result of the kidneys losing their ability to filter blood effectively?
Kidney Failure
What is the term for the process by which the kidneys filter blood to remove waste products?
Filtration
Which of the following is a treatment option for kidney failure?
Dialysis
What is the purpose of the collecting ducts in the nephron?
To funnel the final urine into the renal pelvis
What is the cause of glomerulonephritis?
All of the above
What is the result of bladder infections?
Inflammation and symptoms such as frequent urination
What is essential for supporting the excretory system's health?
All of the above
What is the characteristic of Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)?
The growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys
What is the primary way in which the excretory system maintains homeostasis?
By maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance
What is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for?
Filtering blood to remove waste products
What is the result of the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the blood?
Waste products accumulate to harmful levels
What is the primary function of the muscular walls of the ureters?
To propel urine downward through peristalsis
What is the role of the smooth muscle in the bladder walls?
To contract during urination to expel urine
What is the primary function of the excretory system in regulating blood pressure?
To constrict or dilate blood vessels
What is the by-product of cellular respiration that the excretory system removes?
Carbon dioxide
What is the primary function of the nephron?
To filter blood to remove waste products
What is the result of the excretory system's failure to regulate fluid and electrolyte balance?
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance occurs
What is the organ that connects the bladder to the exterior of the body?
Urethra
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