Excretory System and Kidney Function

Questions and Answers

Forcing water, ions, and small molecules out of capillaries (correct)

Secretion of waste and excess substances

Excretion of waste-filled filtrate

Reabsorption of necessary substances

To regulate electrolyte levels

To maintain proper blood pressure

To excrete waste and excess substances

To maintain proper osmotic balance (correct)

Regulation of ion balance and blood volume (correct)

Regulation of heart rate

Regulation of blood sugar levels

Regulation of body temperature

Regulation of blood pressure and electrolyte balance Signup and view all the answers

Regulation of water reabsorption and urine concentration Signup and view all the answers

Maintenance of constant internal environment Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Filtration: blood pressure forces water, ions, and small molecules out of capillaries into Bowman's capsule
Reabsorption: necessary substances (e.g., glucose, amino acids) are reabsorbed into bloodstream
Secretion: waste and excess substances (e.g., urea, creatinine) are secreted into filtrate
Excretion: waste-filled filtrate becomes urine, which flows through ureters to bladder

Osmoregulation: regulation of solute concentration in bodily fluids to maintain proper osmotic balance
Homeostasis: maintenance of constant internal environment despite changes in external environment
Kidney's role in osmoregulation:
- Regulates water reabsorption to maintain proper blood volume and pressure
- Controls electrolyte levels (e.g., Na+, K+, Ca2+) to maintain proper ion balance
Negative feedback mechanisms:
- Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) regulates blood pressure and electrolyte balance
- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulates water reabsorption and urine concentration

Blood pressure forces water, ions, and small molecules out of capillaries into Bowman's capsule through filtration
Glucose, amino acids, and other necessary substances are reabsorbed into the bloodstream
Waste and excess substances like urea, creatinine, are secreted into the filtrate
The waste-filled filtrate becomes urine, flowing through ureters to the bladder for excretion

Osmoregulation maintains proper osmotic balance in bodily fluids by regulating solute concentration
Homeostasis maintains a constant internal environment despite changes in the external environment
The kidney regulates water reabsorption to maintain proper blood volume and pressure
The kidney controls electrolyte levels, such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, to maintain proper ion balance
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) regulates blood pressure and electrolyte balance through negative feedback mechanisms
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulates water reabsorption and urine concentration through negative feedback mechanisms