Evolutionary Psychology and Personality
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Questions and Answers

What is the fundamental concept behind the 'lexical hypothesis' in relation to personality?

  • Personality is shaped by environmental factors
  • Personality is determined by genetics
  • Personality is expressed in language (correct)
  • Personality is expressed through physical characteristics

    • What is the main reason why phylogenetics is important for understanding personality?

  • It reveals the origins of all life on Earth
  • It helps to understand how personality evolved (correct)
  • It shows that humans are different from animals
  • It helps to identify the Big 5 personality traits

    • According to King and Figueredo's 1997 study, what did raters use to rate animal personalities?

  • 43 adjectives on a 5-point scale
  • 12 adjectives on a 4-point scale
  • 43 adjectives on a 7-point scale (correct)
  • 7 adjectives on a 3-point scale

    • What is the main limitation of directly applying human behaviors to chimpanzees when studying personality?

    <p>Human behaviors may not be equivalent to chimpanzee behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary question that arises when considering whether personality is unique to humans?

    <p>What selection pressures led to the evolution of personality?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is anthropomorphism in the context of animal behavior?

    <p>The tendency to attribute human characteristics to animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Uher and Aspendorph (2008), what was found when comparing the results of behavioral tests with adjective ratings of chimpanzees?

    <p>Positive correlations between the two were found</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an animal species that shows consistent individual differences in exploration behavior and aggression?

    <p>Great tits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'boldness axis' in sticklefish, according to Huntingford (1976)?

    <p>A measure of aggression towards conspecifics intruding on territory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of honey bees that suggests they have personality traits?

    <p>They display individual differences in scouting behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

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