Evolutionary Forces Quiz

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Which of the following is a key feature of natural selection?

Populations do not evolve

Individuals with certain heritable traits survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other individuals (correct)

Individuals evolve over time

Natural selection can only decrease heritable traits

What does natural selection do over time?

Decreases the frequency of adaptations that are favorable in a given environment

Creates new species

Causes individuals to evolve

Increases the frequency of adaptations that are favorable in a given environment (correct)

What may natural selection result in if an environment changes over time?

Adaptation to these new conditions and the emergence of new species (correct)

Evolution of individuals

Decrease in heritable traits

Decrease in population size

Do individuals evolve or populations evolve over time?

Populations evolve over time Signup and view all the answers

What can natural selection increase or decrease in a population?

Heritable traits that vary Signup and view all the answers

What are the four types of data that document the pattern of evolution?

Direct observations, homology, the fossil record, biogeography Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the types of data that document the pattern of evolution?

The fossil record Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the inquiry shown in Figure 19.14?

To investigate if a change in a population's food source can result in evolution by natural selection Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of Concept 19.3?

Evolution is supported by an overwhelming amount of scientific evidence Signup and view all the answers

What does the fossil record provide evidence for?

The pattern of evolution Signup and view all the answers

Which inference did Darwin draw from the observation that all species can produce more offspring than the environment can support?

Individuals with favorable traits tend to leave more offspring Signup and view all the answers

What did Darwin observe about the variation in inherited traits among members of a population?

Members of a population often vary in their inherited traits Signup and view all the answers

What does the unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproduce lead to according to Darwin?

The accumulation of favorable traits in the population Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of Darwin's theory of natural selection?

Individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the observation that many offspring fail to survive and reproduce?

It creates competition for resources Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of artificial selection?

To selectively breed individuals with desired traits Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process through which individuals with favorable traits leave more offspring than other individuals?

Natural selection Signup and view all the answers

Which observation did Darwin make about the ability of all species to produce offspring?

All species can produce more offspring than the environment can support Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process through which individuals with favorable traits survive and reproduce at a higher rate?

Natural selection Signup and view all the answers

What does Darwin infer about individuals with inherited traits that give them a higher probability of surviving and reproducing?

They tend to leave more offspring than other individuals Signup and view all the answers