Evolutionary Biology: Intrasexual and Intersexual Selection
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of testosterone in the development of birdsongs?

  • Testosterone is not necessary for song crystallization.
  • The timing and degree of elevation in testosterone are essential in proper development of birdsongs. (correct)
  • Testosterone levels are high during song crystallization and in the spring, when songs are less stable.
  • Testosterone levels are low during song crystallization and in the spring, when songs are more stable.

Which type of movement is typically found in amoeba?

  • Ciliary movement
  • Muscular movement
  • Amoeboid movement (correct)
  • Flagellar movement

Which of the following is the primary method of movement used by most vertebrates?

  • Flagellar movement
  • Amoeboid movement
  • Muscular movement (correct)
  • Ciliary movement

What is the main function of cilia in protozoans like Paramecium?

<p>Both a and b. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for locomotor activity in vertebrates?

<p>Skeletal muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of movements called?

<p>Kinesiology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many legs do typical centipede species have?

<p>Around 50 legs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which animals have the most legs among terrestrial animals?

<p>Millipedes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the movement of legs in animals with many legs?

<p>Metachronal rhythm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic form of the vertebrate foot?

<p>Five toes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of locomotion do cats and dogs use?

<p>Digitigrade (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative form of vertebrate 'leg' to the tetrapod leg?

<p>Fin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of vocalizations do young birds produce at the beginning of the sensorimotor phase?

<p>Subsong (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if juveniles are deafened after the sensory phase but before the sensorimotor phase?

<p>They develop aberrant songs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do young birds preferentially learn if given a choice in song learning?

<p>Conspecific songs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does acoustic isolation have on the development of bird songs?

<p>It extends the sensory phase into adulthood. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do young birds need to hear during the sensorimotor phase to develop normal songs?

<p>Their own vocalizations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the wild, what do young birds do when they hear conspecific songs?

<p>They beg more. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two major mechanisms proposed to account for female mate choice?

<p>Good genes and Fisherian arbitrary processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept behind the 'Good Genes' mechanism of female mate choice?

<p>Differences among males provide information about genetic qualities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Fisherian Arbitrary Choice propose regarding female mate preference?

<p>Females evolve preferences for arbitrary traits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an evolutionary arms race typically arise between sexes?

<p>Through the evolution of traits that harm one sex but benefit the other (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior is described as a form of aggression during the rut at the start of the breeding season in male fallow deer?

<p>&quot;Jump clashes&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do female elephants seals engage in mate selection during fights over access to females?

<p>By employing violent head-on clashes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary evolutionary mechanism responsible for the development of male armaments like deer antlers and beetle horns?

<p>Intrasexual selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sex tends to be more selective when choosing mates?

<p>Females tend to be more selective when choosing mates. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the communal courtship displays, or leks, performed by some species?

<p>To attract and compete for the attention of females. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the direct benefits that females can gain by being selective in their mate choice?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why females do not mate at random or with the first male they encounter?

<p>Females can directly increase their reproductive success by mating with certain, select males. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a likely indirect benefit that females can gain by being selective in their mate choice?

<p>Genetic benefits passed on to their offspring. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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