34 Questions
What did Ernst Mayr study?
Birds of Melanesia
What is the species concept according to Ernst Mayr?
Populations of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated from other groups
What does the existence of tigons and ligers imply for species definition?
The need to produce non-sterile offspring
Who came up with the species concept?
Ernst Mayr
What is the isolating mechanism according to Dobzhansky?
Mechanism leading to the evolution of reproductive isolation between groups
What did the experiment in Lake Victoria involve?
Mate choice in two closely related fish species under colored and white light
What was the result of the mate choice experiment conducted on two closely related fish species in lake Victoria?
Females could not tell the difference in coloration between the two species in colored light.
What can be inferred about the hatching rates of hybrids from two butterfly species?
F1 generation hybrids are sterile, while hybrids with a male and female are normal butterflies.
What is the primary reason for the reduced growth rate of backcross species in the wild?
Ecological dependence rather than genetic factors.
According to the text, which type of speciation mainly involves a single population becoming two due to some barrier, leading to the creation of two gene pools?
Allopatric speciation
What effect does range overlap have on sympatric speciation according to the text?
Range overlap decreases sympatric speciation.
What is indicated as a significant factor promoting speciation according to the information provided?
Geographic barriers such as isthmus
What does the variation in number of species in islands suggest according to the text?
Speciation is easier on larger islands.
What is an example of sympatric speciation mentioned in the text?
Different species of fly have become differentiated within the same fruit tree.
What is the best example of sympatric speciation provided in the text?
Different species of fly differentiated within the same fruit tree.
In which scenario does reinforcement occur according to the text?
Hybrid species having reduced fitness and selection favoring parents who don’t mate with other species.
What is the reason for the brown color of male pied fly catchers in sympatric areas?
To avoid being mistaken for a different species by females
What is an example of allopatric divergence mentioned in the text?
Two different migratory routes of greenish warblers around the Tibetan plateau.
What is the consequence of choosing mates with the wrong species, as mentioned in the text?
Reduced hatching rates of offspring
What role does geographic isolation play in ring species according to the text?
It connects two populations that do not interbreed but are connected by a geographic ring of populations that can interbreed.
What is the outcome of female hybrid fertility in the context of mate selection?
Reduced fertility in female hybrids
What is an example of a by-product mechanism mentioned in the text?
Morphological differences between fish in high and low predation environments due to selection through predation.
Why are F1 hybrids of fly catchers infertile?
As a result of selection against making choices across species
What is a characteristic of reinforcement mentioned in the text?
Selection against making mistakes in mating leading to reduced number of grandchildren.
What is the reason behind reduced choices between species in sticklebacks?
Reduced fitness incurred by hybrids
What is indicated by the development of increasing genetic divergence of birds within the same area?
Allopatric divergence due to different migratory routes around geographical barriers.
Why do female sticklebacks from benthic populations exhibit selection against choosing opposite species?
To avoid producing infertile offspring
What causes reproductive isolation to build in allopatry according to the text?
The by-product mechanism associated with adaptation to alternative environments.
What contributes to the differentiation between pied fly catcher males residing in allopatry and sympatry?
Exaggeration of differences between males in sympatry
What leads to different species being recognized by birds despite being close but not interbreeding?
The expanded ways birds have recognized each other based on their unique songs.
What leads to changes in mate choice and reproduction in fly catchers?
Mating with wrong species and subsequent infertility
What occurs due to hybrid species having reduced fitness and selection favoring parents who don’t mate with other species?
The development of increasing genetic divergence of birds within the same area.
What is the impact of mixed high-altitude habitat on fly catcher offspring?
Reduced hatching rates of offspring
What is the result of selection for not making mistakes in mate selection?
Selection against mates with wrong species
This quiz covers the process of finch speciation, the role of allopatry, and exceptions such as sympatric speciation. It also explores the example of finches shifting from hawthorns to apples and the resulting differentiation of fly species.
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