Evolution Quiz: Natural Selection and Speciation

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Questions and Answers

Who is credited with proposing the theory of evolution by natural selection?

  • Charles Darwin (correct)
  • Louis Pasteur
  • Gregor Mendel
  • Thomas Morgan

What is the term that describes the process by which new species arise from existing species?

  • Genetic drift
  • Speciation (correct)
  • Gene flow
  • Mutation

What is an example of an adaptive trait?

  • Having brown eyes
  • Being taller than average
  • Having webbed feet (correct)
  • Having a high IQ

What mechanism of evolution involves the random change in allele frequencies in a population?

<p>Genetic drift (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of genetic variation in a population?

<p>Mutation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of selection favors extreme phenotypes over the average or intermediate phenotypes?

<p>Disruptive selection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of co-evolution?

<p>A flower evolving a long tube and a hummingbird evolving a long beak for pollination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which species evolve from a common ancestor and become increasingly different over time?

<p>Divergent evolution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of homologous structures?

<p>Human arm and whale flipper (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the study of the geographic distribution of species?

<p>Biogeography (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of artificial selection?

<p>The breeding of dogs for specific traits by humans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the fossil record provide evidence for?

<p>The existence of transitional species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of evolutionary process occurs when different species develop similar characteristics in response to similar environmental pressures?

<p>Convergent evolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships between species called?

<p>Phylogenetics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproductive isolation occurs when two populations are capable of mating but have differences in behavior or mating rituals?

<p>Behavioral isolation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the presence of similar genes in different species?

<p>Molecular homology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

<p>Gradual and continuous change (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproductive isolation occurs when two populations are capable of mating but have differences in their mating times or breeding seasons?

<p>Temporal isolation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can contribute to the formation of new species?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproduction isolation occurs when two populations are separated by a physical barrier?

<p>Geographic isolation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the accumulation of small genetic changes in a population over time?

<p>Microevolution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of selection favors individuals with intermediate phenotypes and acts against extreme phenotypes?

<p>Stabilizing selection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which species evolve together in response to changes in each other over time?

<p>Coevolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept suggests that evolution occurs in short bursts of rapid change followed by long periods of little change?

<p>Punctuated equilibrium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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