Evolution Quiz: Natural Selection and Speciation
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Questions and Answers

Who is credited with proposing the theory of evolution by natural selection?

  • Charles Darwin (correct)
  • Louis Pasteur
  • Gregor Mendel
  • Thomas Morgan
  • What is the term that describes the process by which new species arise from existing species?

  • Genetic drift
  • Speciation (correct)
  • Gene flow
  • Mutation
  • What is an example of an adaptive trait?

  • Having brown eyes
  • Being taller than average
  • Having webbed feet (correct)
  • Having a high IQ
  • What mechanism of evolution involves the random change in allele frequencies in a population?

    <p>Genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of genetic variation in a population?

    <p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of selection favors extreme phenotypes over the average or intermediate phenotypes?

    <p>Disruptive selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of co-evolution?

    <p>A flower evolving a long tube and a hummingbird evolving a long beak for pollination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which species evolve from a common ancestor and become increasingly different over time?

    <p>Divergent evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of homologous structures?

    <p>Human arm and whale flipper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the study of the geographic distribution of species?

    <p>Biogeography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of artificial selection?

    <p>The breeding of dogs for specific traits by humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the fossil record provide evidence for?

    <p>The existence of transitional species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of evolutionary process occurs when different species develop similar characteristics in response to similar environmental pressures?

    <p>Convergent evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships between species called?

    <p>Phylogenetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reproductive isolation occurs when two populations are capable of mating but have differences in behavior or mating rituals?

    <p>Behavioral isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the presence of similar genes in different species?

    <p>Molecular homology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

    <p>Gradual and continuous change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reproductive isolation occurs when two populations are capable of mating but have differences in their mating times or breeding seasons?

    <p>Temporal isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors can contribute to the formation of new species?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reproduction isolation occurs when two populations are separated by a physical barrier?

    <p>Geographic isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the accumulation of small genetic changes in a population over time?

    <p>Microevolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of selection favors individuals with intermediate phenotypes and acts against extreme phenotypes?

    <p>Stabilizing selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which species evolve together in response to changes in each other over time?

    <p>Coevolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept suggests that evolution occurs in short bursts of rapid change followed by long periods of little change?

    <p>Punctuated equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

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