Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the date referred to as the Commencement of the Indian Constitution?
What was the date referred to as the Commencement of the Indian Constitution?
Who was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee for the Indian Constitution?
Who was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee for the Indian Constitution?
Which event marked the Declaration of Complete Independence in 1930?
Which event marked the Declaration of Complete Independence in 1930?
Which of the following was a key proposal of the Government of India Act 1935 that influenced the Indian Constitution?
Which of the following was a key proposal of the Government of India Act 1935 that influenced the Indian Constitution?
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What was the immediate effect of the provisions relating to Citizenship, elections, and provisional Parliament?
What was the immediate effect of the provisions relating to Citizenship, elections, and provisional Parliament?
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Who founded the Indian National Congress in 1885?
Who founded the Indian National Congress in 1885?
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Which committee was responsible for the Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution?
Which committee was responsible for the Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution?
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When did the work of drafting the Indian Constitution officially begin?
When did the work of drafting the Indian Constitution officially begin?
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What date is celebrated as Constitutional Day in India?
What date is celebrated as Constitutional Day in India?
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How long did it take to frame the Indian Constitution?
How long did it take to frame the Indian Constitution?
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Which organ of government is responsible for making laws?
Which organ of government is responsible for making laws?
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Which two houses compose the Parliament of India?
Which two houses compose the Parliament of India?
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What does the term 'Constitution' derive from?
What does the term 'Constitution' derive from?
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Study Notes
Evolution of the Indian Constitution
- British rule laid the groundwork for the Indian Constitution.
- The Constituent Assembly passed the Constitution on November 26, 1949.
- Full implementation was on January 26, 1950.
- Provisions on citizenship, elections, and a temporary Parliament were effective from November 26, 1949.
- The rest of the Constitution took effect on January 26, 1950. This date is the commencement date.
- Key political parties: Indian National Congress (founded 1885, A.O. Hume) and Muslim League (founded 1906, Muhammad Ali Jinnah).
Events Leading to the Constitution
- Gandhi's 1922 declaration: Swaraj would be earned, not granted.
- Motilal Nehru Report (1928): Proposed a constitution and fundamental rights.
- Lahore Session (1930): Declaration of complete independence (Poorna Swaraj).
- Dandi March (1930): Salt Satyagraha.
- Government of India Act (1935): Main source of the present Indian Constitution. Included: federal setup, federation and provincial autonomy, diarchy, bicameral legislature, and division of powers (Centre, State, Concurrent).
Constituent Assembly
- President: Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
- Drafting Committee: Chairman: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (Chief Architect).
- Committee on Fundamental Rights and Minorities: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
- Union Powers Committee: Jawaharlal Nehru.
- Steering Committee: Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
- Rules Committee: Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
- States Committee: Jawaharlal Nehru.
- Legal/Constitutional Advisor: B.N. Rao.
Drafting of the Constitution
- Drafting began in February 1948.
- The Drafting Committee, headed by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, presented a draft to the Constituent Assembly.
- The Constitution was officially adopted by Dr. Rajendra Prasad on November 26, 1949.
- This day is now celebrated as Constitution Day.
Enforcement and Implementation
- The Constitution took 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days to draft.
- Some provisions were enforced on November 26, 1949; the remainder on January 26, 1950.
Meaning and Nature of the Constitution
- "Constitution" (Latin "Constitutio" or "Constituere"): Setting up, framing, establishing.
- First use by Henry II of England.
- Definition: Fundamental principles, rules for governance. Basis of administration (Center, State, Local).
- The Supreme law of the land.
Independence India's First General Election
- First general election in India (1951-52).
- First elected body: Parliament with two Houses (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha).
Governmental Organs
- Legislature: Makes laws.
- Executive: Executes laws.
- Judiciary: Interprets laws.
- These work together to maintain law, order, and welfare functions.
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Description
This quiz explores the significant events leading to the formation of the Indian Constitution, including the impact of British rule and key moments such as the Dandi March and the Motilal Nehru Report. Test your knowledge on the Constitution's adoption and its provisions, as well as the role of major political parties in shaping India's democratic framework.
