Questions and Answers
What is the significance of telecommunications networks according to the text?
Telecommunications networks make up the most complicated equipment in the world and have an essential impact on the development of a community.
What is the capability of the telephone network when a call request is made?
The telephone network is able to establish a connection to any other telephone in the world.
How many fixed and cellular telephones are estimated to be part of the telephone network?
More than 2 billion fixed and cellular telephones with universal access.
What is mentioned as interconnected with the telephone network?
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What is indicated as a measure of technical and economic development of a country?
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What system exceeds the complexity of telecommunications networks?
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What was the first digital cellular system put into commercial use?
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Who proposed the initial idea for a Web-linked document on the World Wide Web (WWW) in 1989?
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What technology started to replace analog broadcast TV around 2001–2005?
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What type of services do third-generation cellular systems and WLAN technologies aim to provide for mobile users?
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As of 2005, what is the direction in which the global telecommunications network is evolving?
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What services are broadband access systems making available to users starting around 2001–2005?
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What are the two main directions of development in the telecommunications industry mentioned in the text?
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How do new small manufacturers find a window of opportunity in the telecommunications industry according to the text?
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What new challenge do public telecommunications network operators face due to the expansion of the Internet as mentioned in the text?
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How has deregulation impacted subscribers according to the text?
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What type of communications are growing most rapidly in volume according to the text?
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In the future, what will wideband access to homes be used for in addition to Internet surfing?
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Study Notes
Development of Telecommunications
- 1985-1990: LAN breakthrough, ISDN standardization finalized, and public data communications services become widely available
- 1985-1990: Optical transmission systems replace copper systems in long-distance wideband transmission, and SONET is developed
- 1989: Tim Berners-Lee proposes the World Wide Web (WWW)
- 1990-1997: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is put into commercial use and becomes widely adopted worldwide
- 1990-1997: Deregulation of telecommunications in Europe and satellite TV systems become popular
Expansion of Telecommunications
- 1997-2001: Telecommunications community is deregulated, and business grows rapidly
- 1997-2001: Digital cellular networks, especially GSM, expand worldwide
- 1997-2001: Internet usage and services expand rapidly, and a share of conventional speech communications is transferred from public switched telephone network (PSTN) to Internet
- 1997-2001: Performance of LANs improves with the advance of gigabit-per-second Ethernet technologies
Future Developments
- 2001-2005: Digital TV starts to replace analog broadcast TV, and broadband access systems make Internet multimedia services available to all
- 2001-2005: Telephony service turns to personal communication service as penetration of cellular and PCS systems increases
- 2001-2005: Second generation cellular systems are upgraded to provide higher rate packet-switched data service
- 2005 and beyond: Digital TV will replace analog service and provide interactive services in addition to broadcast service
- 2005 and beyond: Third generation cellular systems and WLAN technologies will provide enhanced data services for mobile users
Importance of Telecommunications
- Telecommunications networks are designed to serve a wide variety of users with equipment from many different vendors
- Telecommunications services have an essential impact on the development of a community
- Telephone density of a country can estimate its level of technical and economical development
- Deregulation allows subscribers to choose which network operator they want to use to get wideband access to the Internet over ordinary telephone lines
- The provision of developing multimedia services in the future will be especially interesting
