10 Questions
Who led the redefinition of English gardens during the mid-18th century?
William Kent, Humphrey Repton, and Lancelot Brown
What was William Kent's approach to garden design?
Using gardens as an extension of the whole landscape view
What was a key feature of Lancelot Brown's garden designs?
The use of water to create lakes, walks, and serpentine paths
What was significant about the garden of Luton Hoo designed by Lancelot Brown?
It covered an area of approximately 640 ha
What was a new concept introduced by Lancelot Brown in his garden designs?
The introduction of the lawn up to the house
What is the main reason for the growth of herbaceous vegetation in England?
Frequent showers of rains
What was the primary purpose of gardens during the period of Search of Sustenance (1066-1500 A.D.)?
To provide food to monasteries
What influenced the layout and planting of the great landscape gardens during 1741 to 1771 A.D.?
The landscape paintings of Claude, Salvator Rosa and Zuccarelli
What is the characteristic that makes English gardens stand out amongst European gardens?
Their beauty
What was the result of Englishmen's wealth during the history of gardening?
Collection of valuable plant materials from various countries
Study Notes
English Gardens: Evolution and Characteristics
- English gardens are considered the most beautiful gardens among all European gardens.
- Three main factors contribute to their beauty:
- England's grassland climate with frequent rainfall, ideal for herbaceous vegetation growth.
- Wealthy Englishmen's hobby of gardening, enabling the collection of valuable plant materials from around the world.
- English fondness for flowers.
Phases of English Gardens' Evolution
I. Search of Sustenance (1066-1500 A.D.)
- Gardens were attached to monasteries and planted with fruit crops, vegetables, and shrubs to provide food.
- These gardens were mainly utilitarian.
- Flowers like roses, carnations, and lilies were planted, as well as fruit trees like vineyard, apple, and pear.
II. Development and Refining of English Gardens (1741-1771 A.D.)
- Henry worked on the layout and planting of the great landscape gardens.
- Landscape paintings of Claude, Salvator Rosa, and Zuccarelli influenced the art of gardening.
- Poets and naturalists promoted the love of nature, impacting gardening.
III. Redefining English Gardens (Middle 18th Century)
- William Kent, Lancelot Brown, and Humphrey Repton refined English gardens:
- William Kent: modified gardens, emphasizing harmony, balance, and proportion.
- Lancelot Brown: used water to create lakes, walks, and paths, introducing serpentine designs.
- Humphrey Repton: further refined garden architecture.
Notable Garden Creations and Features
- William Kent's Rousham garden: created a dream-like parkland scene with statues, garden seats, and temple of Mill.
- Lancelot Brown's Luton Hoo garden: covered 640 ha, featuring water features, rivulets, and waterfalls.
Explore the changes in English garden styles over time, influenced by climate, human preferences, and natural factors. Learn about the three key factors that make English gardens stand out.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
