Evolution of Electronic Commerce

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Questions and Answers

Which factor primarily contributed to the initial rapid growth of e-commerce in the mid-1990s?

  • Slow adoption of Internet technologies by consumers.
  • Unreasonable expectations for immediate success. (correct)
  • Cautious and measured investments by established businesses.
  • Government regulations promoting online sales.

During the economic recession that began in 2008, how did e-commerce perform compared to other sectors of the economy?

  • E-commerce was entirely unaffected by the recession.
  • E-commerce suffered more severely than most of the economy.
  • E-commerce contracted less than most of the economy. (correct)
  • E-commerce experienced similar rates of contraction as other sectors.

Which of the following activities falls outside the broadest definition of e-commerce as discussed?

  • A company using a mobile app to manage employee schedules.
  • Traditional brick-and-mortar retail sales without any online presence. (correct)
  • A business selling products to consumers through a website.
  • Businesses trading supplies with other businesses online.

What is the key distinction, if any, between the terms 'e-commerce' and 'e-business' based on the context?

<p>The terms are generally used interchangeably, with e-commerce encompassing all business activities using Internet technologies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did industry observers generally portray e-commerce between 2000 and 2003?

<p>As a failed business model with little chance of recovery. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the long-term trend of e-commerce growth relative to the overall economy?

<p>E-commerce consistently expands more in good times and contracts less in bad times compared to other sectors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company implements an internal online system to manage its supply chain, improve communication between departments, and streamline the manufacturing process. According to the definition, is this e-commerce?

<p>Yes, because it involves the transformation of key business processes using Internet technologies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributed to coloring perceptions leading to overly gloomy news reports between 2000 and 2003?

<p>Unreasonable expectations for immediate success (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A stereo speaker manufacturer engages in B2C e-commerce by selling directly to consumers online and in B2B e-commerce by procuring materials from suppliers online. Which of the following best describes a potential third e-commerce activity for this company that falls outside of B2C and B2B?

<p>Using Internet technologies to manage the manufacturing process of the speakers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has the perception of 'dot-com' businesses changed over time?

<p>The distinction between them and traditional businesses has blurred due to the integration of online activities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the LEAST likely example of a business process that a company might undertake using Internet technologies as part of e-commerce?

<p>Overseeing the physical transportation of goods via trucks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company decides to streamline its supply chain by implementing a web-based system for managing purchase orders and payments to its suppliers. Which category of e-commerce does this BEST represent?

<p>Business-to-business (B2B). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A small bakery decides to start selling its goods online directly to individual customers. This activity primarily falls under which category of electronic commerce?

<p>Business-to-consumer (B2C). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of e-commerce activities, what is 'e-procurement' most closely associated with?

<p>Supply management and purchasing transactions between businesses. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company uses Internet technologies to control machinery on the factory floor. How would this be categorized in the context of electronic commerce?

<p>An underlying or supporting business process. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies a company engaging in both B2B and B2C e-commerce?

<p>A clothing manufacturer selling its products directly to consumers online and also supplying wholesale to retail stores. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A government agency uses a web portal to solicit bids from various construction companies for a public infrastructure project. This is an example of which type of e-commerce?

<p>B2G (Business-to-Government) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company aims to improve its supply chain efficiency using Internet technologies. Which department is MOST likely to lead this initiative?

<p>Supply Management or Procurement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Electronic Commerce (E-commerce)

Shopping on the Web, B2B transactions, and internal business processes using Internet technologies.

Electronic Business (E-business)

The use of Internet technologies to transform key business processes.

Dot-com Boom and Bust

A period of rapid growth in e-commerce followed by a significant downturn around 2000.

World Wide Web (The Web)

The part of the Internet where e-commerce activities like online stores, occur.

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Internet Technologies

The Internet, World Wide Web, and wireless transmissions on mobile networks.

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E-commerce Resilience

E-commerce grew faster than the overall economy in good times and contracted less in bad times.

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Business-to-Business (B2B)

Trading between businesses using online systems.

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Scope of E-commerce

E-commerce includes buying, selling, hiring, planning, and more supported by Internet technologies.

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Dot-com businesses

Companies that operate exclusively online.

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E-commerce Categories

A way to categorize e-commerce based on the types of parties involved.

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Business-to-Consumer (B2C)

Online sales from businesses directly to consumers.

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E-commerce Business Processes

Using internet technologies to support selling and purchasing activities.

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B2C example

When a company sells its products to consumers online.

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B2B example

When a company buys materials from other companies online.

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Supply Management/Procurement

Departments focused on negotiating purchase transactions with suppliers.

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E-procurement

Another name for B2B electronic commerce.

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Internet-enabled Manufacturing

Using internet technologies to control manufacturing.

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Study Notes

  • Electronic commerce started in the mid-1990s and grew quickly until 2000.
  • A major downturn in 2000 led to the "dot-com bust" news stories.
  • From 2000-2003, many thought electronic commerce was dying.
  • Electronic commerce started to recover in 2003.
  • Companies saw sales growth and profits.
  • Electronic commerce grew faster than the general economy.
  • Electronic commerce was less affected than most of the economy during the 2008 recession.
  • Electronic commerce grows more in good times and contracts less in bad times than other sectors.
  • Electronic commerce has evolved from a novelty to an important component of global business.
  • Electronic commerce includes business-to-business transactions and internal processes, not just online shopping.
  • Electronic business is sometimes used when talking about electronic commerce in a broader sense.
  • IBM defines electronic business as the transformation of key business processes using Internet technologies.
  • Electronic commerce and electronic business are often used interchangeably.
  • Electronic commerce includes all business activities using Internet technologies like the Internet, the World Wide Web, and wireless transmissions.
  • Companies operating only online are called dot-com or pure dot-com businesses.

Categories of Electronic Commerce

  • Categorizing electronic commerce by the types of entities involved is a common way to define online business.
  • Five general electronic commerce categories exist; business-to-consumer, business-to-business, transactions and business processes, consumer-to-consumer, and business-to-government.
  • Three commonly used categories are consumer shopping on the Web (B2C), transactions between businesses (B2B), and business processes using Internet technologies.
  • B2C involves consumers shopping on the Web.
  • B2B involves transactions conducted between businesses on the Web.
  • Internet technologies support business processes such as selling and purchasing activities
  • A company can participate in multiple e-commerce categories.
  • A company might sell to consumers (B2C) and purchase materials from other companies (B2B).
  • Departments focused on purchase transactions with suppliers are called supply management or procurement.
  • B2B electronic commerce is sometimes called e-procurement.
  • Activities like hiring, managing, renting facilities, shipping, accounting, customer feedback, insurance, advertising, and designing are increasingly done on the Web.
  • Manufacturing processes can be controlled using Internet technologies.
  • Communication, control, and transaction-related activities are important parts of electronic commerce.
  • Some include these activities in B2B; others call them underlying or supporting business processes.

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