Evolution Lecture 4 Study Questions
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Questions and Answers

What is sexual selection?

  • The process of inbreeding leading to reduced genetic diversity
  • The process of genetic drift affecting the genetic structure of a population
  • The process of migration resulting in gene flow between populations
  • The process of natural selection acting on traits that improve an organism's ability to compete for mates (correct)

    • Why does sexual selection exist?

  • To increase genetic diversity within a population
  • To favor traits that improve an organism's ability to attract mates and reproduce (correct)
  • To reduce the impact of inbreeding on genetic structure
  • To prevent the occurrence of non-random mating

    • What is intersexual selection?

  • Selection based on mate choice, where one sex chooses mates based on particular traits (correct)
  • Selection based on the genetic consequences of migration
  • Selection based on traits that affect an individual's success in competing with members of the same sex
  • Selection based on competition between individuals of the same sex for access to mates

    • What is intrasexual selection?

    <p>Selection based on competition between individuals of the same sex for access to mates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is evolutionary fitness?

    <p>The ability of an organism to produce the maximum number of offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Does natural selection shape perfectly adapted organisms?

    <p>No, as it only operates on existing variations in a population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is sexual selection?

    <p>The process by which individuals select their own mates based on certain traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is all evolution adaptive?

    <p>No, some evolution occurs due to random genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of inbreeding on the genetic structure of a population?

    <p>Decreases genetic diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Does natural selection shape perfectly adapted organisms? Why or why not?

    <p>No, because it does not act on all traits and outcomes are often compromises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is evolutionary fitness and how is it measured?

    <p>It is the ability to survive and reproduce; measured by phenotype only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for migration in the context of natural selection?

    <p>Gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mutation in evolution?

    <p>It is a weak force of evolution because mutations are rare and typically do not lead to adaptive changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does genetic drift primarily affect small populations?

    <p>Genetic drift occurs more readily in small populations and can lead to random loss of genetic diversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of inbreeding on the genetic structure of a population?

    <p>It decreases genetic diversity and increases the expression of deleterious recessive traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Does natural selection shape perfectly adapted organisms? Why or why not?

    <p>No, natural selection does not guarantee perfect adaptation as environmental conditions constantly change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the genetic consequences of migration in a population?

    <p>Increased genetic diversity and reduced inbreeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what sized populations does genetic drift occur most readily?

    <p>Small populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for genetic drift?

    <p>Allele fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two particular kinds of genetic drift?

    <p>Bottleneck effect and founder effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what sized populations does genetic drift occur most readily?

    <p>Small populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two particular kinds of genetic drift?

    <p>Bottleneck effect and founder effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of genetic drift on genetic diversity?

    <p>Decreases genetic diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of genetic drift?

    <p>A sudden reduction in population size due to a natural disaster, resulting in changes in allele frequencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

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