Evolution and Migration Quiz

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What term describes the movement of ethnic groups into a country, increasing genetic diversity?

Gene flow (correct)

Biogeography

Embryology

Homologies

Which of the following is NOT a result of natural selection?

Loss of hind limbs in whales

Adaptations to specific environments over time

Loss of vision in cave-dwelling organisms

Development of new digestive systems in tapeworms (correct)

What is one major impact of human migration on the genetic landscape of a population?

Decreased population density

Increased competition for resources

Enhanced genetic diversity (correct)

Creation of genetic bottlenecks

Which of the following processes could explain the loss of physical traits in certain species over time?

Natural selection Signup and view all the answers

What concept is illustrated by whales losing their hind limbs through evolutionary adaptation?

Vestigial structures Signup and view all the answers

What type of organism was featured in the video that diverged into separate species along the California Coast?

Salamanders Signup and view all the answers

What type of speciation occurs when species diverge due to geographical separation?

Allopatric Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the mating behavior in amphibians that stimulates ovulation?

Amplexus Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition can structures become vestigial due to greater costs than benefits?

Long-term stable conditions Signup and view all the answers

Which groups of species are likely to share a more recent common ancestor according to the phylogenetic tree?

Crocodiles and Birds Signup and view all the answers

What reproductive challenge is faced by males of one species in the context provided?

Too small to perform amplexus Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a phylogenetic tree?

To depict the evolutionary relationships among species Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following species pairs are the least likely to share common characteristics based on the tree?

Lizards and Lungfishes Signup and view all the answers

In a phylogenetic tree, which species are most likely to be more evolutionarily distant?

Ostriches and Mammals Signup and view all the answers

Which animal group is likely represented close to that of the Mammals in an evolutionary tree?

Amphibians Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproductive isolation occurs when males are unable to perform amplexus with females of other species?

Mechanical Signup and view all the answers

What would be a likely outcome of natural selection during prolonged drought years affecting seed availability?

More small-beaked birds dying than larger-beaked birds. The offspring produced in subsequent generations have a higher percentage of birds with large beaks. Signup and view all the answers

In Mendel's experiments, which type of cross helped him determine independent assortment of alleles?

Monohybrid cross Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following explanations about beak size change during a drought is incorrect?

Birds can intentionally alter their beak size through behavioral changes. Signup and view all the answers

Why is mechanical isolation important in the context of speciation?

It prevents gene flow between species. Signup and view all the answers

Why would larger beaks become more common in the bird population during extended droughts?

Birds with larger beaks can better access available food resources. Signup and view all the answers

Mendel's concept of independent assortment implies that alleles of different genes are inherited:

Independently of other allele pairs Signup and view all the answers

What drives the natural selection observed in the birds during a drought?

The competition for limited food resources favoring specific traits. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios best describes behavioral isolation?

Different mating calls used by frogs. Signup and view all the answers

How would you best describe the process affecting beak size in birds during a prolonged drought?

Evolution through natural selection based on survival rates. Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon describes the change in allele frequency in a population after a significant reduction in size due to environmental events?

Bottleneck effect Signup and view all the answers

Which option best describes the founder's effect?

Formation of a new population by a small number of individuals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options suggests that an adaptation is universally beneficial across different environments?

Adaptations beneficial in one habitat should generally be beneficial in all other habitats Signup and view all the answers

How does genetic drift primarily affect a population's genetic diversity?

It can lead to a loss of genetic diversity in small populations. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a result of a bottleneck effect?

Increased genetic variation Signup and view all the answers

How does natural selection explain the loss of certain traits in cave-dwelling organisms?

These traits became obsolete under specific environmental conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of vestigial structures?

They often serve a reduced or obsolete function. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding natural selection and the evolution of traits?

Natural selection acts on traits based on their cost-benefit ratio. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'analogous structures' refer to?

Structures that are similar but derived from different evolutionary origins. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential reason for a species losing traits such as eyesight or limbs?

Environmental changes reduce the need for these traits due to new survival strategies. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the impact of natural selection on well-adapted individuals is correct?

Well-adapted individuals leave more offspring than poorly adapted individuals. Signup and view all the answers

What is a misconception about adaptations in different habitats?

All species in the same habitat will undergo the same adaptations. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about timing and adaptations is accurate?

Adaptations can become irrelevant if environmental conditions change. Signup and view all the answers

How do poorly adapted individuals affect a population?

They decrease the overall fitness of the population. Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is incorrectly applied in the context of adaptations?

Different habitats require the same adaptations across species. Signup and view all the answers

What type of cross did Mendel use to determine the Law of Independent Assortment?

Dihybrid Signup and view all the answers

What does the Law of Independent Assortment state?

Each pair of alleles is inherited independently during gamete production. Signup and view all the answers

What will be the leaf color for a plant with homozygous recessive genotype dd for gene locus D?

Light green Signup and view all the answers

In a dihybrid cross, what law describes the inheritance of alleles for two different traits?

Law of Independent Assortment Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenotype of a plant if at least one dominant allele D is present for leaf color?

Dark green leaves Signup and view all the answers

What explains the similar adaptations of the Bilby and opossum, despite their separation by continents?

Biogeography Signup and view all the answers

Which measurement is the best indication of an individual's Darwinian fitness?

Number of offspring that survive to reproduce Signup and view all the answers

Which discipline focuses on the study of how species are distributed across different geographical locations?