10 Questions
What theory states that animals better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce?
Evolution by natural selection
Which field of study focuses on how genes and environmental influences shape individual differences in traits in the present?
Behavioral genetics
In the context of genetics, what do 'phenotype' and 'genotype' refer to respectively?
Genotype; phenotype
How do we describe the situation where a single gene can have multiple variations or alleles?
Polygenic inheritance
According to the gene-environment interaction theory mentioned, what role do genes play in determining characteristics like height?
Genes set the bounds of potential, while environment influences how much of that potential is achieved
In the context of the text, what conclusion can be drawn from the twin study results regarding schizophrenia risk?
Schizophrenia is influenced by both genetic and environmental risk factors
In the nervous system, which of the following is NOT a function of glial cells?
Process neural signals
What fatty, insulating tissue formed by glial cells speeds up electrical signals along the axon in neural communication?
Myelin
Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
Dendrites
What part of the neuron integrates incoming signals before they are transmitted down the axon?
Soma
Study Notes
Evolution and Adaptation
- The theory of natural selection states that animals better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
Behavioral Genetics
- The field of study that focuses on how genes and environmental influences shape individual differences in traits in the present is behavioral genetics.
Genetics Terminology
- Phenotype refers to the physical and behavioral characteristics of an organism.
- Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism.
Alleles
- A single gene can have multiple variations or alleles.
Gene-Environment Interaction
- According to the gene-environment interaction theory, genes play a role in determining characteristics like height, but do not solely determine them.
Twin Study and Schizophrenia
- The twin study results suggest that there is a genetic component to schizophrenia risk, as identical twins are more likely to both develop the condition than fraternal twins.
Nervous System Functions
- Glial cells do not transmit signals in the nervous system.
Glial Cell Functions
- Myelin, a fatty, insulating tissue formed by glial cells, speeds up electrical signals along the axon in neural communication.
Neuron Structure
- The dendrites receive signals from other neurons.
- The cell body integrates incoming signals before they are transmitted down the axon.
Test your knowledge on evolution by natural selection and genetics with this quiz. Learn about how adaptation and genetic traits influence the survival and reproduction of species over time.
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