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Evolution and Fitness
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Evolution and Fitness

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the success of an organism in passing on its genes to offspring, relative to the other members of its population?

  • Darwinian fitness (correct)
  • Natural selection
  • Genetic drift
  • Relative fitness
  • What is the primary mechanism by which genetic variation is generated during sexual reproduction?

  • Gene flow
  • Meiosis and fertilization (correct)
  • Mutation
  • Non-random mating
  • What is the term for the process by which individuals with certain traits are more likely to mate with each other, leading to a non-random distribution of alleles?

  • Genetic drift
  • Non-random mating (correct)
  • Natural selection
  • Gene flow
  • What occurs when a small population becomes isolated from the main population and undergoes changes in allele frequencies due to genetic drift and natural selection?

    <p>Speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the change in allele frequencies that occurs when individuals from one population breed with individuals from another population?

    <p>Gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the random change in allele frequencies that occurs in a small population?

    <p>Genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of selective breeding, such as that practiced by farmers seeking to improve milk production in cows?

    <p>Reduced genetic variability within the population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the change in allele frequency in a population due to chance following a sharp reduction in population size?

    <p>Bottleneck effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the movement of genes from one population to another called?

    <p>Gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the original source of variation in a population?

    <p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which allele frequencies change in a population due to chance events?

    <p>Genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the change in allele frequency that can occur when mating with members from another population?

    <p>Gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism that leads to the evolution of adaptations?

    <p>Natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is true about the genotype frequencies?

    <p>The genotype frequencies are determined by the allelic frequencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of natural selection occurs when individuals at the center of the phenotype range have a higher fitness than individuals at either end of the range?

    <p>Stabilizing selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the change in frequencies of alleles within a population from one generation to the next?

    <p>Microevolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a single generation of random mating in a population?

    <p>The genotypic frequencies are determined by the allelic frequencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of alleles from one population to another, resulting in a change in allele frequencies?

    <p>Gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

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