18 Questions
What is the term for the success of an organism in passing on its genes to offspring, relative to the other members of its population?
Darwinian fitness
What is the primary mechanism by which genetic variation is generated during sexual reproduction?
Meiosis and fertilization
What is the term for the process by which individuals with certain traits are more likely to mate with each other, leading to a non-random distribution of alleles?
Non-random mating
What occurs when a small population becomes isolated from the main population and undergoes changes in allele frequencies due to genetic drift and natural selection?
Speciation
What is the term for the change in allele frequencies that occurs when individuals from one population breed with individuals from another population?
Gene flow
What is the term for the random change in allele frequencies that occurs in a small population?
Genetic drift
What is a result of selective breeding, such as that practiced by farmers seeking to improve milk production in cows?
Reduced genetic variability within the population
What is the term for the change in allele frequency in a population due to chance following a sharp reduction in population size?
Bottleneck effect
What is the movement of genes from one population to another called?
Gene flow
What is the original source of variation in a population?
Mutation
What is the process by which allele frequencies change in a population due to chance events?
Genetic drift
What is the term for the change in allele frequency that can occur when mating with members from another population?
Gene flow
What is the primary mechanism that leads to the evolution of adaptations?
Natural selection
In a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is true about the genotype frequencies?
The genotype frequencies are determined by the allelic frequencies
What type of natural selection occurs when individuals at the center of the phenotype range have a higher fitness than individuals at either end of the range?
Stabilizing selection
What is the term for the change in frequencies of alleles within a population from one generation to the next?
Microevolution
What is the result of a single generation of random mating in a population?
The genotypic frequencies are determined by the allelic frequencies
What is the term for the movement of alleles from one population to another, resulting in a change in allele frequencies?
Gene flow
Test your understanding of key concepts in evolution, including genetic drift, mutation, gene flow, non-random mating, and Darwinian fitness. Learn how these factors impact the success of an organism in passing on its genes to offspring.
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