Evidence-Informed Nursing Practice

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the focus of phenomenological research in nursing?

To understand the subjective experiences of individuals (correct)

To quantify medical outcomes

To analyze behavioral patterns statistically

To observe cultural differences in healthcare

What is a primary characteristic of grounded theory?

It seeks to establish patterns of behavior using observational data (correct)

It aims to validate pre-existing theories

It relies solely on historical data for conclusions

It uses only qualitative interviews with no comparison involved

Which of the following best describes the aim of ethnographic research?

To perform randomized control trials

To generate statistical analyses of healthcare impacts

To create numerical models of health phenomena

To deeply understand participants' cultural contexts (correct)

What does transferability refer to in qualitative research?

The extent to which findings have meaningful applications in other situations Signup and view all the answers

Which research design primarily focuses on describing the perceptions of individuals regarding their experiences?

Phenomenological study Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of evidence-informed practice?

To optimize outcomes for patients, communities, and populations Signup and view all the answers

Which step is specifically focused on questioning the clinical problem?

Asking a well developed answerable question Signup and view all the answers

In which step do you critically appraise the evidence?

Evaluating appraising the evidence for validity Signup and view all the answers

How does evidence-informed practice evaluate outcomes?

By assessing the outcome of the practice decision or change Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary besides evidence for making a practice decision or change?

Integration with clinical expertise and patient values Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is essential for a study to be classified as experimental?

Random assignment to groups Signup and view all the answers

Which type of research emphasizes collaboration between researchers and participants?

Participatory action research Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of exploratory descriptive designs?

Describing previously unstudied populations or variables Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk associated with descriptive designs like surveys?

Inaccurate sample size leading to sampling errors Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of systematic reviews in research synthesis?

Involvement of asking and screening literature questions Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes quasi-experimental designs from experimental designs?

Without random assignment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a purpose of historical research?

Discovering facts and relationships about past events Signup and view all the answers

What type of analysis is essential across all quantitative research designs?

Statistical analysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of evidence-informed decision making in nursing?

To incorporate research findings and client preferences Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a source of research evidence in clinical decision making?

Patient complaints Signup and view all the answers

What does the PICO(T) framework help to formulate?

Well-developed, answerable questions Signup and view all the answers

Which step involves critically evaluating evidence for validity and applicability?

Critiquing the evidence Signup and view all the answers

What is a key competency required for evidence-informed practice?

Research literacy Signup and view all the answers

When integrating evidence into patient care, which approach may be implemented?

Conducting a pilot study Signup and view all the answers

What should be evaluated to determine if a change in practice is necessary?

Formal outcomes of the practice decision Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method to collect the best evidence?

Searching databases for published studies Signup and view all the answers

What is implied by the concept of multiple levels and types of evidence?

Various types of evidence can collaborate to inform decisions Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of synthesizing evidence?

Combining findings from systematic reviews Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of nursing research?

To empower nurses and enhance patient care Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in evidence-informed decision making?

Analyzing personal biases Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'I' in the PICOT format represent?

Intervention of interest Signup and view all the answers

Which approach focuses on studying phenomena and gathering narrative data?

Qualitative approach Signup and view all the answers

What significant event in nursing research began in the mid-1800s?

The formalization of nursing research with Nightingale Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the deductive reasoning process?

Drawing specific conclusions based on general principles Signup and view all the answers

Which is a key aspect of quantitative research?

Collecting numerical data for analysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the research design in a study?

To outline the plan for addressing the research question Signup and view all the answers

Why is it incorrect to consider 'Google' a synonym for 'research'?

Research requires a systematic examination Signup and view all the answers

What is a common outcome of utilizing evidence-informed practices in nursing?

Improved patient outcomes and care standards Signup and view all the answers

What does evidence informed decision making incorporate beyond research data?

Patients' values, beliefs, and cultural practices Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of evidence informed decision making?

To improve patient care outcomes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a source of data used in evidence informed decision making?

Research studies and expert opinions Signup and view all the answers

What is one characteristic of research in nursing according to the content?

It aims to improve patient care outcomes Signup and view all the answers

Why are peer-reviewed articles considered crucial in evidence informed practice?

They ensure the reliability and credibility of the research Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of quality improvement does evidence informed decision making mostly address?

Improvement of specific local work processes Signup and view all the answers

Who is primarily responsible for conducting research in the context of evidence based practice?

Practicing nurses and researchers Signup and view all the answers

How does evidence informed decision making differ in its approach to the use of evidence?

It integrates various contextual factors and patient preferences Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Evidence-Informed Practice/Research

Evidence-informed practice/research is a process used in decision-making.
It involves using current best evidence combined with clinical expertise and patient values/preferences.

How to Make Important Decisions

Gut feelings
Opinions of trusted people
Internet
Books
Nurses should use evidence rather than the above

Ends in View

Explain the necessity of evidence to inform nurses' decisions.
Identify the steps in evidence-informed decision-making.
Discuss methods to develop new nursing knowledge.
Explain how nursing research improves nursing practice.
Identify diverse methodological approaches to developing new nursing knowledge.
Understand the process of reading evidence-informed journal articles.

What is Research?

Research is the primary means to develop new knowledge applicable to practice to improve patient care.
It's a systematic examination of phenomena relevant to nursing.
Research validates, refines, and expands existing knowledge and raises standards.

Importance of Nursing Research

It enhances every nurse's clinical practice.
It aids in decision-making.
It helps nurses gain new knowledge to improve patient care, the nursing profession, and overall healthcare.

History of Nursing Research

Formally began in the mid-1800s with Nightingale and the Crimean War.
Focus on detailed nursing actions and outcomes.
Early 1900s saw the establishment of university nursing programs.
1969 marked the beginning of practice-oriented research with the first nursing research journals in Canada.
1971 was the first national nursing research conference.
1970s & 1980s established research training in doctoral programs.
1990s - Canadian government funded nursing research.

Research Process

Research Question: Establish a focused research question, defining the study's purpose, objectives, and aims.
Relevant Literature: Review existing literature to understand the topic, identify knowledge gaps, and justify the need for the study.
Conceptual Framework: Employ an established theory or create a framework to guide the study, outlining the problem, contributing factors, possible outcomes, and assumptions (specifically in qualitative studies).
Research Design: Determine the appropriate research design to address the question.
Setting and Sample Size: Describe the research context, sample size, participant characteristics, and recruitment strategies.
Data Collection Procedures: Detail the steps for collecting and managing data.
Data Analysis and Interpretation: Describe the process of analyzing collected data and interpreting the findings.
Communication: Share study results, implications, and limitations.

Research Questions (PICOT Format)

P (Population): Defines the patient group of interest (age, gender, ethnicity, disease, health problem).
I (Intervention): Identifies the intervention or treatment being examined.
C (Comparison): Specifies the comparison group (e.g., current intervention, standard of care).
O (Outcome): Specifies the desired outcome or result of the intervention.
T (Time): Indicates the timeframe in which the change/outcome is expected to occur.

Clinical Questions (PS Format)

Focuses on context or experiences.
P (Population): Identifies the individuals or group involved.
S (Situation): Describes the circumstances or experiences in the situation being examined.

Research Design

Overall plan to address the research question.
Designs vary based on the research approach used.
Research approach influences the design.

Qualitative vs. Quantitative Studies

Qualitative Studies: Explore concepts, phenomena, and patterns, with non-numerical data collection (e.g., interview transcripts, observations). Focus on understanding experiences and contexts.
Quantitative Studies: Seek to quantify and describe, compare, and predict variables through numerical data (e.g., experimental results, statistical analyses). Aim to establish relationships.

Deductive vs. Inductive Reasoning

Deductive: Moves from general principles to specific predictions/observations. A=B, B=C, therefore A=C
Inductive: Moves from specific observations/experiences to general rules/principles.

Qualitative

Qualitative research asks questions about nursing phenomena.
Questions are not measured or quantified.
The emphasis is on understanding the perspective of the participants.
Transferability matters—can findings be applied to other situations?

Qualitative Research Designs

Phenomenological: Focuses on the experiences of individuals concerning a phenomenon. Emphasizes the lived experiences. “Living experiences” is key to this.
Grounded Theory: Develops theories or propositions grounded in real-world observations related to behaviours, patterns in participants.
Ethnography: Explores the worldview of participants within their cultural setting. It focuses on understanding meanings behind participant actions and events.
Participatory Action Research: Involves working with vulnerable groups to define problems, select approaches, and use findings. Focus on power and collaboration.

Quantitative Research Designs

Experimental: Random assignment, manipulation of a variable, testing hypothesis.
Quasi-experimental: May lack randomization, and/or manipulation, still testing hypotheses.
Descriptive (Surveys): Collects information from a group or population, examining relationships between variables. Sampling and measurement tools are critical to this design.
Exploratory Descriptive: Describes previously unstudied populations or variables without active intervention. Focus on detailed description. Critical to understand the topic and related areas.

Research Synthesis

Systematic review of literature on a chosen topic, including specific tasks to appraise the research critically.
Often conducted by a team to generate new research knowledge.

Level of Evidence (Quantitative)

Level I—Multiple high-quality RCTs showing similar results.
Level II—One or two well-designed RCTs.
Level III—Controlled trials without randomization or well-designed quasi-experimental studies.
Level IV—Well-designed observational studies (cohort or case-control).
Level V—Systematic reviews of descriptive or qualitative studies.
Level VI—Single qualitative studies.
Level VII—Opinions from respected authorities.

Types of Research Synthesis

Integrative review: Thorough review and critique of literature, examining depth and breadth.
Scoping review: Mapping the extent, range, and nature of research on a specific topic.
Concept analysis: Defining, clarifying, and refining the meaning of a concept.
Qualitative meta-synthesis: Uses qualitative approaches to analyze qualitative research, to develop meaning in the collected data.
Meta-analysis: Integrating results (quantitative) across primary studies to increase the power to detect effects.
Mixed-methods synthesis: Review and synthesizing across multiple types of studies.

Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)

Conscientious and judicious use of current best evidence in healthcare decision-making.
Combines individual clinical expertise with the best available evidence from systematic research.
Patient preference and values are intrinsic to EBP.

Example of BPGs

RNAO (Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario) Best Practice Guidelines (BPGs): Translate evidence into practice guidelines for care, point-of-care practice, and policy.
Focus on developing, disseminating, implementing, sustaining, monitoring, and evaluating clinical and healthy work environment (HWE) BPGs.

Parts of a Research Paper

Abstract
Introduction
Literature review
Method
Results/Findings
Discussion

Reading Research Papers

Importance of understanding each component of a research paper for critical appraisal.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz explores the principles of evidence-informed practice and research in nursing. It covers critical decision-making processes, the importance of evidence in clinical decision-making, and methodologies for developing new nursing knowledge. Learn how nursing research enhances patient care and improves practice.