Evidence for Evolution: Fossils and Comparative Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the main idea of Darwin's Theory of Evolution?

  • Organisms change due to environmental factors
  • Natural selection leads to organisms adapting to their environment
  • Organisms change over time and share common ancestors (correct)
  • Organisms remain unchanged throughout generations

Why did Darwin notice differences in plants and animals on different islands of the Galápagos?

  • Due to the presence of different predators on each island
  • Because humans had artificially introduced different species on each island
  • As a result of variations in the environments of the islands (correct)
  • Because each island had unique geological formations

What does 'fitness' refer to in the context of natural selection?

  • The physical strength of an organism
  • The overall health of an organism
  • The ability of an organism to produce many offspring (correct)
  • The speed at which an organism can adapt to changes

How does natural selection work based on Darwin's theory?

<p>By selecting variations that are most useful for survival and reproduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, why did giraffes with longer necks have a reproductive advantage?

<p>Long necks enabled them to reach food sources others couldn't (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of comparative anatomy in relation to evolution?

<p>Studying the similarities and differences in the structure of different species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are homologous structures similar in related organisms?

<p>Because they are all inherited from a common ancestor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of comparative embryology in understanding evolution?

<p>By studying embryos, it reveals similarities and differences among species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do vestigial structures represent in terms of evolution?

<p>Features inherited from an ancestor but now reduced or non-functional (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are analogous structures similar in unrelated organisms?

<p>Because they evolved to perform the same function, not due to a common ancestor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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