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Evidence for Evolution: Fossils and Comparative Anatomy

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Evidence for Evolution: Fossils and Comparative Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

What is the main idea of Darwin's Theory of Evolution?

Organisms change due to environmental factors

Natural selection leads to organisms adapting to their environment

Organisms change over time and share common ancestors (correct)

Organisms remain unchanged throughout generations

Why did Darwin notice differences in plants and animals on different islands of the Galápagos?

Due to the presence of different predators on each island

Because humans had artificially introduced different species on each island

As a result of variations in the environments of the islands (correct)

Because each island had unique geological formations

What does 'fitness' refer to in the context of natural selection?

The physical strength of an organism

The overall health of an organism

The ability of an organism to produce many offspring (correct)

The speed at which an organism can adapt to changes

How does natural selection work based on Darwin's theory?

By selecting variations that are most useful for survival and reproduction Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, why did giraffes with longer necks have a reproductive advantage?

Long necks enabled them to reach food sources others couldn't Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of comparative anatomy in relation to evolution?

Studying the similarities and differences in the structure of different species Signup and view all the answers

Why are homologous structures similar in related organisms?

Because they are all inherited from a common ancestor Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of comparative embryology in understanding evolution?

By studying embryos, it reveals similarities and differences among species Signup and view all the answers

What do vestigial structures represent in terms of evolution?

Features inherited from an ancestor but now reduced or non-functional Signup and view all the answers

Why are analogous structures similar in unrelated organisms?

Because they evolved to perform the same function, not due to a common ancestor Signup and view all the answers