33 Things Every Biology Student Should Know!

Only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next in a food web.

Decomposers are organisms that break down dead organic material.

Symbiosis is any type of close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms.

Producers/Autotrophs use sunlight to create their own food through photosynthesis.

Omnivores consume both producers (plants) and other consumers (animals).

Eating is the process by which organisms obtain energy from other organisms.

Mitochondria's main function is to generate ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.

Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that lack a nucleus.

Passive transport is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without energy input.

Cellular transport maintains homeostasis by selectively allowing substances in and out of the cell.

Fungi are multicellular, decomposer organisms.

Cellular transport is the process by which cells take in and release substances to maintain homeostasis.

Breaking down one molecule of glucose yields approximately 36 to 38 ATP molecules.

Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy as ATP from glucose.

Carbohydrates are molecules with a hexagon-shaped ring structure that provide energy.

Lipids form a Phospholipid Bi-layer, creating a barrier, controlling what enters and exits a cell.

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are the building blocks of living organisms, carrying genetic information.

The nucleus stores the cell's genetic information in the form of DNA.

DNA has a double helix shape, like a twisted ladder.

RNA carries out DNA's blueprint for protein creation through transcription and translation.

DNA has deoxyribose sugar, while RNA has ribose sugar.

Homeostasis is the process by which cells maintain a stable internal environment.

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions in living things.

Amino acids are the building blocks/monomers of proteins.

Humans have 46 chromosomes in each somatic cell, arranged in 23 pairs.

The 22 pairs of chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes are called autosomes.

Incomplete dominance is when traits blend, resulting in a phenotype that is a mix of both alleles.

Replication is the process of copying DNA to produce two identical DNA molecules.

Multiple alleles result in more than two possible phenotypes for a trait in a population.

The 23rd pair is the set of sex chromosomes.