33 Things Every Biology Student Should Know!

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of energy flows from one level to the next in a food web?

  • 50%
  • 20%
  • 10% (correct)
  • 5%

Which organisms eat dead organisms?

  • Herbivores
  • Decomposers (correct)
  • Producers
  • Consumers

What is the term for the relationship between two or more living things?

  • Symbiosis (correct)
  • Food chain
  • Ecology
  • Mutualism

What do producers use to make their own food?

<p>Sunlight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of consumer eats both producers and other consumers?

<p>Omnivores (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which organisms obtain energy?

<p>Eating (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of mitochondria in a cell?

<p>To store energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms does not have a nucleus?

<p>Bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

<p>Passive transport (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cellular transport in a cell?

<p>To maintain homeostasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following kingdoms includes multicellular, decomposer organisms?

<p>Fungi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which cells take in and release substances to maintain homeostasis?

<p>Cellular transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of breaking down one molecule of Glucose?

<p>36 to 38 ATP molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that releases energy as ATP?

<p>Cellular Respiration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecule has a hexagon-shaped ring structure?

<p>Carbohydrate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Lipids in the cell membrane?

<p>To form a Phospholipid Bi-layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the building blocks of living organisms?

<p>Nucleic Acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stored in the nucleus of the cell?

<p>Genetic information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shape does DNA have?

<p>Double helix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of RNA in the process of protein creation?

<p>To carry out DNA's blueprint guidelines for protein creation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the sugar molecules in DNA and RNA?

<p>DNA has deoxyribose, while RNA has ribose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which cells maintain a balance of conditions in their bodies?

<p>Homeostasis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for proteins that speed up or make chemical reactions happen in living things?

<p>Enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the building block of proteins?

<p>Amino acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many chromosomes do humans have?

<p>46 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of chromosomes are the 22 pairs?

<p>Autosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in a situation of incomplete dominance?

<p>Traits mix together (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of copying DNA called?

<p>Replication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of multiple alleles?

<p>More than two possible choices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the change in organisms over time?

<p>Evolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an adaptation?

<p>A beneficial trait inherited from parents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tRNA in Protein Synthesis?

<p>To collect amino acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of mRNA?

<p>To transcribe DNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the sex chromosomes?

<p>Sex chromosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of the four phases of chromosome separation in cell division?

<p>Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of meiosis?

<p>To produce gametes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?

<p>Asexual reproduction involves one parent, while sexual reproduction involves two parents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the passage of physical or behavioral traits from one generation to the next?

<p>Heredity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for different versions of the same gene?

<p>Alleles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an individual with two different alleles of a gene?

<p>Heterozygous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Energy transfer percentage in food web

Only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next in a food web.

Organisms that eat dead organisms

Decomposers are organisms that break down dead organic material.

Relationship between living things

Symbiosis is any type of close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms.

How do producers make food?

Producers/Autotrophs use sunlight to create their own food through photosynthesis.

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Consumer eating both plants & animals

Omnivores consume both producers (plants) and other consumers (animals).

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How organisms obtain energy

Eating is the process by which organisms obtain energy from other organisms.

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Main function of mitochondria

Mitochondria's main function is to generate ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.

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Organism without a nucleus

Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that lack a nucleus.

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Movement from high to low concentration

Passive transport is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without energy input.

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Purpose of cellular transport

Cellular transport maintains homeostasis by selectively allowing substances in and out of the cell.

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Multicellular, decomposer organisms

Fungi are multicellular, decomposer organisms.

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Cellular process for homeostasis

Cellular transport is the process by which cells take in and release substances to maintain homeostasis.

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ATP from one glucose molecule

Breaking down one molecule of glucose yields approximately 36 to 38 ATP molecules.

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Process releasing energy as ATP

Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy as ATP from glucose.

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Molecule with hexagon ring structure

Carbohydrates are molecules with a hexagon-shaped ring structure that provide energy.

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Lipids forming cell membrane

Lipids form a Phospholipid Bi-layer, creating a barrier, controlling what enters and exits a cell.

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Building blocks carrying genetic information

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are the building blocks of living organisms, carrying genetic information.

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What is stored in the nucleus?

The nucleus stores the cell's genetic information in the form of DNA.

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Shape of DNA

DNA has a double helix shape, like a twisted ladder.

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Primary function of RNA

RNA carries out DNA's blueprint for protein creation through transcription and translation.

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Sugar difference in DNA/RNA

DNA has deoxyribose sugar, while RNA has ribose sugar.

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Maintaining internal balance

Homeostasis is the process by which cells maintain a stable internal environment.

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Proteins speeding up reactions

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions in living things.

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Building block of proteins

Amino acids are the building blocks/monomers of proteins.

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Number of human chromosomes

Humans have 46 chromosomes in each somatic cell, arranged in 23 pairs.

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Non-sex chromosomes

The 22 pairs of chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes are called autosomes.

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When Traits mix together

Incomplete dominance is when traits blend, resulting in a phenotype that is a mix of both alleles.

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Process of copying DNA

Replication is the process of copying DNA to produce two identical DNA molecules.

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Result of multiple alleles

Multiple alleles result in more than two possible phenotypes for a trait in a population.

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What is the name of the sex chromosomes

The 23rd pair is the set of sex chromosomes.

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