Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Audit
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Questions and Answers

What does a negative test for swan neck deformity indicate in relation to rheumatoid arthritis?

  • It rules out the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. (correct)
  • It indicates the presence of antibodies.
  • It confirms the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.
  • It suggests a poor prognosis.
  • Which condition is most likely to present with mono-articular symptoms?

  • ankylosing spondylitis
  • primary osteoarthritis
  • reactive arthritis
  • septic arthritis (correct)
  • In rheumatoid arthritis, the presence of high titres of RF is associated with what prognosis?

  • Moderate prognosis
  • Poor prognosis (correct)
  • Good prognosis
  • Uncertain prognosis
  • What percentage of patients with psoriatic arthritis present with a positive swan neck deformity?

    <p>35%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis?

    <p>Good prognosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most prominent laboratory finding you would expect to see in a patient with severe inflammation?

    <p>Leucocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option best describes rheumatoid arthritis in terms of gender prevalence?

    <p>More common in females</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention is typically recommended for treating a patient with migratory polyarthritis due to rheumatic fever?

    <p>Amoxicillin intravenous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best treatment option for a 40-year-old man with mild polyarthritis and extensive psoriasis?

    <p>NSAIDs &amp; corticosteroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pain management option is more likely to help an elderly male with carcinoma of the prostate and painful bony metastasis?

    <p>Morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which measurement is considered a good indicator of tissue perfusion?

    <p>Urine output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who must always obtain informed consent?

    <p>Surgeon Operating on Patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum pressure for pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic procedures?

    <p>15 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How will a burn covering 15% of the total body surface area heal if no intervention is done?

    <p>Hypertrophic scarring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas is commonly used to create pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopy?

    <p>CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total body surface area involved for a patient with burns on both upper arms, front of the chest, abdomen, and head & neck?

    <p>35%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which DMARD is preferred as a first-line agent in treating certain inflammatory conditions?

    <p>Leflunomide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a Redivac drain be typically removed after a para umbilical hernia operation?

    <p>After 5 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option is NOT included in the Mental State Examination (MSE)?

    <p>Diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal in treating a patient with painful bony metastasis from prostate carcinoma?

    <p>Manage pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a somatoform disorder?

    <p>Pain disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of deep partial thickness burns?

    <p>Potential for hypertrophic scarring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Delusional disorder is characterized by:

    <p>Unrealistic fixed beliefs that cannot be changed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thalassemia is inherited as which type of genetic disorder?

    <p>Autosomal Recessive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely diagnosis for a 75-year-old male with a six-month history of skin pigmentation, tingling sensations, and a CBC showing Hb 7.5g/dl?

    <p>Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are indicative of Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma in the context of a cervical lymph node biopsy?

    <p>Reed-Sternberg Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a case of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, what is the most likely diagnosis for a 32-year-old male presenting with multiple bulky lymph nodes?

    <p>Large B Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What laboratory finding is most likely associated with megaloblastic anemia in a patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis?

    <p>Macrocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might cause sudden shortness of breath and altered sensorium on the third day of chemotherapy in a patient with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma?

    <p>Pulmonary embolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of a patient with RBC derivatives, what are Hypersegmented neutrophils typically associated with?

    <p>Megaloblastic anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is characterized by a normal white cell count but significant anemia?

    <p>Megaloblastic Anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between serum ferritin levels and iron deficiency anemia?

    <p>Low ferritin levels indicate iron deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best site for X-ray diagnosis of rickets?

    <p>Wrist joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vaccine is typically given via intramuscular injection?

    <p>Pneumococcal vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age is development almost complete?

    <p>9 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the WHO, what is the Hb level considered as anemia during the first trimester of pregnancy?

    <p>11 g/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely diagnosis for a 10-year-old child presenting with a limping gait and localized tenderness above the knee?

    <p>Acute osteomyelitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hemoglobin level is classified as anemia in the second trimester of pregnancy?

    <p>10.5 g/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option is not typically administered via intramuscular injection?

    <p>Rota virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hemoglobin level is considered as anemia during the third trimester of pregnancy?

    <p>11 g/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following imaging modalities does NOT use ionizing radiation?

    <p>MRI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely diagnosis for a 25-year-old pregnant woman with hemoglobin of 7.8 gm/dl and a history of MUD eating?

    <p>Iron deficiency anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A two-week-old male infant presents with inverted and plantiflexed feet. What is the most probable diagnosis?

    <p>Congenital talipes equinovarus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by a limit in hip abduction in a child with a limping gait?

    <p>Developmental dysplasia of the hip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In X-rays showing a radiolucent lesion in the distal femur, which condition is most likely indicated?

    <p>Osteosarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common form of anemia?

    <p>Osteosarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition could result in limited abduction and a difference in leg length in children?

    <p>Pediatric hip dysplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the case of a female child with a limping gait and a shorter right leg, which diagnosis is most likely?

    <p>Congenital hip dislocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM)

    • EBM is a systematic approach to identifying the most appropriate strategy for managing individual patients.
    • This approach is based on recently published literature, strategies effective in previous patients, analyses of relevant medical literature, and advice given by mentors/colleagues.

    Clinical Audit

    • Clinical audit is a structured activity intended to provide new knowledge that's generalizable and suitable for dissemination.
    • It's a process used to create protocols and guidelines based on policy-makers' input, implemented at a national level.
    • It's a quantifiable process for testing hypotheses in clinical practice, and a quality improvement method that aims for higher patient care quality and outcomes.

    Evidence-Based Medicine Step

    • The first step in applying EBM concepts to a clinical question is to ask the question.
    • Then, acquiring evidence, appraising the evidence, applying the evidence, and assessing the whole process follow.

    Palliative Care

    • Palliative care addresses emotional, physical, and spiritual aspects of patients with serious illnesses.
    • Hospice is a palliative care program focusing on providing care for people who are near the end of life.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the principles of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) and the process of clinical audit. It covers the systematic approach to managing patients based on literature, previous strategies, and professional advice. Additionally, it highlights the steps involved in applying EBM concepts and the significance of clinical audits in improving patient care.

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