Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the definition of evidence-based design as defined by The Center for Health Design?
What is the definition of evidence-based design as defined by The Center for Health Design?
- The process of designing healthcare facilities that are aesthetically pleasing and within budget
- The process of designing healthcare facilities that comply with all regulatory requirements
- The process of basing decisions about the built environment on credible research to achieve the best possible outcomes (correct)
- The process of incorporating staff preferences into the design of healthcare facilities
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between evidence-based design and evidence-based medicine?
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between evidence-based design and evidence-based medicine?
- Evidence-based medicine replaced evidence-based design in healthcare settings
- They are unrelated disciplines with fundamentally different methodologies
- They share a common philosophy of using research to inform decisions but apply to different fields (correct)
- Evidence-based design is a subset of evidence-based medicine
Which healthcare organization published the report "To Err Is Human" that highlighted the relationship between medical errors and facility design?
Which healthcare organization published the report "To Err Is Human" that highlighted the relationship between medical errors and facility design?
- The American Hospital Association
- The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
- The Joint Commission
- The Institute of Medicine (correct)
Why has healthcare reimbursement shifted toward value-based purchasing models?
Why has healthcare reimbursement shifted toward value-based purchasing models?
What is a key benefit of using evidence-based design in healthcare settings?
What is a key benefit of using evidence-based design in healthcare settings?
Which of the following is NOT one of the IOM's six aims for healthcare improvement?
Which of the following is NOT one of the IOM's six aims for healthcare improvement?
A hospital CEO is considering implementing evidence-based design principles in a new facility. Which of the following would be the MOST compelling business case argument?
A hospital CEO is considering implementing evidence-based design principles in a new facility. Which of the following would be the MOST compelling business case argument?
Historically, most healthcare organizations have viewed the physical building as:
Historically, most healthcare organizations have viewed the physical building as:
Which of the following healthcare trends is MOST directly addressed by single-patient room designs?
Which of the following healthcare trends is MOST directly addressed by single-patient room designs?
What is the Triple Aim framework developed by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement?
What is the Triple Aim framework developed by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement?
Which of the following is an example of a hospital-acquired condition (HAC) that the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services will not reimburse if it occurs during hospitalization?
Which of the following is an example of a hospital-acquired condition (HAC) that the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services will not reimburse if it occurs during hospitalization?
What role does the physical environment play in the bundle of solutions to improve healthcare outcomes?
What role does the physical environment play in the bundle of solutions to improve healthcare outcomes?
Which of the following is NOT one of the eight steps in the evidence-based design process?
Which of the following is NOT one of the eight steps in the evidence-based design process?
The term "Never Events" in healthcare refers to:
The term "Never Events" in healthcare refers to:
Which organization established the Evidence-Based Design Accreditation and Certification (EDAC) program?
Which organization established the Evidence-Based Design Accreditation and Certification (EDAC) program?
A hospital is redesigning its maternity ward and wants to implement evidence-based design principles. Which of the following outcomes would be MOST appropriate to measure to evaluate the impact of design changes?
A hospital is redesigning its maternity ward and wants to implement evidence-based design principles. Which of the following outcomes would be MOST appropriate to measure to evaluate the impact of design changes?
What is the relationship between the Affordable Care Act and evidence-based design?
What is the relationship between the Affordable Care Act and evidence-based design?
Which historical event in the development of evidence-based design is correctly paired with its significance?
Which historical event in the development of evidence-based design is correctly paired with its significance?
What type of healthcare facility is MOST likely to have the highest water use intensity (WUI)?
What type of healthcare facility is MOST likely to have the highest water use intensity (WUI)?
How does evidence-based design address the aging healthcare workforce?
How does evidence-based design address the aging healthcare workforce?
Which of the following is a key driver behind the trend toward decentralized healthcare delivery?
Which of the following is a key driver behind the trend toward decentralized healthcare delivery?
A healthcare organization is concerned about its high rate of staff turnover. Which evidence-based design strategy would MOST directly address this issue?
A healthcare organization is concerned about its high rate of staff turnover. Which evidence-based design strategy would MOST directly address this issue?
What is the significance of the HCAHPS survey in relation to evidence-based design?
What is the significance of the HCAHPS survey in relation to evidence-based design?
Which healthcare trend is MOST directly addressed by sustainable design practices?
Which healthcare trend is MOST directly addressed by sustainable design practices?
In evidence-based design, the physical environment is viewed as:
In evidence-based design, the physical environment is viewed as:
How has the concept of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) impacted facility design?
How has the concept of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) impacted facility design?
What aspect of evidence-based design makes it particularly appealing to hospital boards seeking to justify costly decisions?
What aspect of evidence-based design makes it particularly appealing to hospital boards seeking to justify costly decisions?
A nurse manager reports that patient falls have increased since moving to a new unit. What should be the FIRST action taken from an evidence-based design perspective?
A nurse manager reports that patient falls have increased since moving to a new unit. What should be the FIRST action taken from an evidence-based design perspective?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between evidence-based design and the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) concept?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between evidence-based design and the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) concept?
How does the "green building" movement align with evidence-based design principles in healthcare?
How does the "green building" movement align with evidence-based design principles in healthcare?
How does the concept of "Fable Hospital" contribute to evidence-based design practice?
How does the concept of "Fable Hospital" contribute to evidence-based design practice?
A research team measured ambient noise levels in patient rooms, observed patient stress levels, and recorded the duration of family visits. They found that high ambient noise was associated with high patient stress and short family visits. This is an example of which type of study?
A research team measured ambient noise levels in patient rooms, observed patient stress levels, and recorded the duration of family visits. They found that high ambient noise was associated with high patient stress and short family visits. This is an example of which type of study?
What is the strongest research design for generating sound and credible empirical evidence?
What is the strongest research design for generating sound and credible empirical evidence?
What does "empirical research" mean in the context of evidence-based design?
What does "empirical research" mean in the context of evidence-based design?
Which of the following is NOT a primary source of evidence for evidence-based design?
Which of the following is NOT a primary source of evidence for evidence-based design?
What is the purpose of critically interpreting evidence in the evidence-based design process?
What is the purpose of critically interpreting evidence in the evidence-based design process?
Which of the following questions would be MOST important to ask when evaluating the credibility of research for use in evidence-based design?
Which of the following questions would be MOST important to ask when evaluating the credibility of research for use in evidence-based design?
When reviewing research literature for evidence-based design, why is it important to look for patterns of findings across multiple studies?
When reviewing research literature for evidence-based design, why is it important to look for patterns of findings across multiple studies?
What is a key difference between qualitative and quantitative research methods?
What is a key difference between qualitative and quantitative research methods?
A hospital is planning to redesign its emergency department. The design team wants to understand how the current layout affects staff workflow. Which research method would be MOST appropriate?
A hospital is planning to redesign its emergency department. The design team wants to understand how the current layout affects staff workflow. Which research method would be MOST appropriate?
What is the purpose of a literature review in the evidence-based design process?
What is the purpose of a literature review in the evidence-based design process?
What does "rigor" refer to when evaluating research for evidence-based design?
What does "rigor" refer to when evaluating research for evidence-based design?
Which of the following examples demonstrates the STRONGEST causal relationship in research?
Which of the following examples demonstrates the STRONGEST causal relationship in research?
What is a key limitation of case study research in evidence-based design?
What is a key limitation of case study research in evidence-based design?
What is the primary purpose of post-occupancy evaluation research?
What is the primary purpose of post-occupancy evaluation research?
When reading a research article, which section provides the MOST direct information about how the study was conducted?
When reading a research article, which section provides the MOST direct information about how the study was conducted?
What is the main difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal research designs?
What is the main difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal research designs?
What is a key benefit of mixed methods research compared to either quantitative or qualitative research alone?
What is a key benefit of mixed methods research compared to either quantitative or qualitative research alone?
A design team is interested in understanding the relationship between lighting conditions and medication errors in a pharmacy. What type of research question is this?
A design team is interested in understanding the relationship between lighting conditions and medication errors in a pharmacy. What type of research question is this?
What is the primary purpose of developing a hypothesis in the evidence-based design process?
What is the primary purpose of developing a hypothesis in the evidence-based design process?
A hospital wants to evaluate whether a new wayfinding system has improved visitor navigation. Which of the following would be the MOST direct measure of this outcome?
A hospital wants to evaluate whether a new wayfinding system has improved visitor navigation. Which of the following would be the MOST direct measure of this outcome?
What is a potential limitation of relying solely on patient satisfaction data when evaluating the impact of design?
What is a potential limitation of relying solely on patient satisfaction data when evaluating the impact of design?
What does "validity" refer to when evaluating research methods?
What does "validity" refer to when evaluating research methods?
What is the role of a control group in experimental research?
What is the role of a control group in experimental research?
What is the value of using simulation in evidence-based design research?
What is the value of using simulation in evidence-based design research?
When collecting baseline performance measures, what time frame is generally recommended to ensure reliable data?
When collecting baseline performance measures, what time frame is generally recommended to ensure reliable data?
What is the primary difference between a systematic review and a literature review?
What is the primary difference between a systematic review and a literature review?
A researcher wants to measure the impact of a new hospital lobby design on visitor stress levels. Which of the following would be the MOST objective measure?
A researcher wants to measure the impact of a new hospital lobby design on visitor stress levels. Which of the following would be the MOST objective measure?
What is the purpose of a pilot study in research?
What is the purpose of a pilot study in research?
When conducting observational research of staff behavior in a healthcare setting, what is an important ethical consideration?
When conducting observational research of staff behavior in a healthcare setting, what is an important ethical consideration?
What is the value of collecting both qualitative and quantitative data when evaluating the impact of design?
What is the value of collecting both qualitative and quantitative data when evaluating the impact of design?
A hospital is implementing a new decentralized nurse station design. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate baseline measurement to collect?
A hospital is implementing a new decentralized nurse station design. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate baseline measurement to collect?
What is a key consideration when determining sample size for research in evidence-based design?
What is a key consideration when determining sample size for research in evidence-based design?
What is the Knowledge Repository developed by The Center for Health Design?
What is the Knowledge Repository developed by The Center for Health Design?
What is the MOST important benefit of involving an interdisciplinary team in healthcare design projects?
What is the MOST important benefit of involving an interdisciplinary team in healthcare design projects?
During the project setup phase, what is the PRIMARY purpose of a visioning session?
During the project setup phase, what is the PRIMARY purpose of a visioning session?
Which of the following is NOT typically considered a key stakeholder in a healthcare design project?
Which of the following is NOT typically considered a key stakeholder in a healthcare design project?
What is the value of including patients and families in the project planning process?
What is the value of including patients and families in the project planning process?
What is the MOST appropriate way to determine which evidence-based design strategies to include in a project with limited resources?
What is the MOST appropriate way to determine which evidence-based design strategies to include in a project with limited resources?
What is the primary purpose of developing a business case for evidence-based design features?
What is the primary purpose of developing a business case for evidence-based design features?
During the predesign phase, what is the purpose of collecting baseline performance measures?
During the predesign phase, what is the purpose of collecting baseline performance measures?
A project team is interested in reducing patient falls and increasing staff satisfaction in an existing inpatient unit. There are various design changes that could be made to achieve these goals. Given the limited budget, what should the project team do FIRST to determine where to invest its resources?
A project team is interested in reducing patient falls and increasing staff satisfaction in an existing inpatient unit. There are various design changes that could be made to achieve these goals. Given the limited budget, what should the project team do FIRST to determine where to invest its resources?
What is the MOST important factor to consider when defining evidence-based goals and objectives for a healthcare project?
What is the MOST important factor to consider when defining evidence-based goals and objectives for a healthcare project?
What is the purpose of a gap analysis during the predesign phase?
What is the purpose of a gap analysis during the predesign phase?
When evaluating potential evidence-based design strategies for a project, what is the MOST important consideration?
When evaluating potential evidence-based design strategies for a project, what is the MOST important consideration?
The hospital project manager is making recommendations for participants to join the interdisciplinary project team. There is disagreement about whether to include vendors. What is the MOST appropriate recommendation?
The hospital project manager is making recommendations for participants to join the interdisciplinary project team. There is disagreement about whether to include vendors. What is the MOST appropriate recommendation?
What role does the facility's mission statement play in evidence-based design planning?
What role does the facility's mission statement play in evidence-based design planning?
During a key stakeholder meeting, a nurse shared an article from a peer-reviewed journal about nursing efficiency being influenced by patient room layout. The nurse argued that the bulk of the evidence-based design budget should be spent on patient room redesign. What should the team do FIRST?
During a key stakeholder meeting, a nurse shared an article from a peer-reviewed journal about nursing efficiency being influenced by patient room layout. The nurse argued that the bulk of the evidence-based design budget should be spent on patient room redesign. What should the team do FIRST?
What is the primary purpose of developing a communication plan during project setup?
What is the primary purpose of developing a communication plan during project setup?
Who is in the best position to drive the culture change necessary to establish the vision for a new healthcare facility?
Who is in the best position to drive the culture change necessary to establish the vision for a new healthcare facility?
What is the MOST effective way to ensure that evidence-based design principles are maintained throughout the project despite budget pressures?
What is the MOST effective way to ensure that evidence-based design principles are maintained throughout the project despite budget pressures?
What is the value of site visits to other healthcare facilities during the predesign phase?
What is the value of site visits to other healthcare facilities during the predesign phase?
What is the benefit of including representatives from the facility's operations and maintenance departments in the interdisciplinary design team?
What is the benefit of including representatives from the facility's operations and maintenance departments in the interdisciplinary design team?
What is the primary purpose of establishing key performance indicators (KPIs) during the predesign phase?
What is the primary purpose of establishing key performance indicators (KPIs) during the predesign phase?
What is the value of creating a project charter during the setup phase?
What is the value of creating a project charter during the setup phase?
What is the MOST appropriate role for researchers in the predesign phase of an evidence-based design project?
What is the MOST appropriate role for researchers in the predesign phase of an evidence-based design project?
What is the primary purpose of creating design guidelines in evidence-based design?
What is the primary purpose of creating design guidelines in evidence-based design?
What is the MOST effective approach for translating research evidence into design concepts?
What is the MOST effective approach for translating research evidence into design concepts?
When developing hypotheses about how design will impact outcomes, what is the MOST important consideration?
When developing hypotheses about how design will impact outcomes, what is the MOST important consideration?
What is the value of mock-ups in the design phase?
What is the value of mock-ups in the design phase?
A design team is debating between two different layouts for an emergency department. What is the MOST effective way to make this decision from an evidence-based perspective?
A design team is debating between two different layouts for an emergency department. What is the MOST effective way to make this decision from an evidence-based perspective?
What is the primary purpose of standardization in healthcare facility design?
What is the primary purpose of standardization in healthcare facility design?
When designing a new patient room, what is the MOST important consideration from an evidence-based perspective?
When designing a new patient room, what is the MOST important consideration from an evidence-based perspective?
What is the primary purpose of creating a mock-up patient room during the design phase?
What is the primary purpose of creating a mock-up patient room during the design phase?
When incorporating technology into healthcare facility design, what is the MOST important consideration?
When incorporating technology into healthcare facility design, what is the MOST important consideration?
What is the value of involving clinical staff in evaluating design alternatives?
What is the value of involving clinical staff in evaluating design alternatives?
What is the MOST effective approach to balancing multiple competing design objectives in a healthcare project?
What is the MOST effective approach to balancing multiple competing design objectives in a healthcare project?
What role should equipment planners play in the design phase of a healthcare project?
What role should equipment planners play in the design phase of a healthcare project?
What is the primary challenge of designing for flexibility in healthcare facilities?
What is the primary challenge of designing for flexibility in healthcare facilities?
What is the value of integrating sustainable design principles into healthcare facility design?
What is the value of integrating sustainable design principles into healthcare facility design?
What is the primary purpose of developing a wayfinding strategy during healthcare facility design?
What is the primary purpose of developing a wayfinding strategy during healthcare facility design?
When designing spaces to reduce healthcare-associated infections, what is the MOST important consideration?
When designing spaces to reduce healthcare-associated infections, what is the MOST important consideration?
What is the MOST appropriate approach to designing healthcare spaces that support the needs of diverse patient populations?
What is the MOST appropriate approach to designing healthcare spaces that support the needs of diverse patient populations?
What is the MOST important activity that the project team does during the construction phase to prepare a project for post-occupancy research?
What is the MOST important activity that the project team does during the construction phase to prepare a project for post-occupancy research?
Why is it important to monitor the implementation of design strategies during construction?
Why is it important to monitor the implementation of design strategies during construction?
What is the primary purpose of commissioning in a healthcare construction project?
What is the primary purpose of commissioning in a healthcare construction project?
What is the MOST important consideration when planning the transition from an existing facility to a new evidence-based designed facility?
What is the MOST important consideration when planning the transition from an existing facility to a new evidence-based designed facility?
What is the value of conducting staff training about evidence-based design features before occupancy?
What is the value of conducting staff training about evidence-based design features before occupancy?
What is the MOST important consideration when collecting post-occupancy data?
What is the MOST important consideration when collecting post-occupancy data?
What is the primary value of sharing post-occupancy evaluation results with the broader healthcare design community?
What is the primary value of sharing post-occupancy evaluation results with the broader healthcare design community?
Flashcards
Evidence-based design (EBD)
Evidence-based design (EBD)
Making built environment decisions based on credible research to achieve the best possible outcomes.
EBD and EBM relationship
EBD and EBM relationship
EBD and EBM share a philosophy of using research to inform decisions but are applied in different fields.
"To Err Is Human" publisher
"To Err Is Human" publisher
The Institute of Medicine published "To Err Is Human", highlighting the link between medical errors and facility design.
Value-based purchasing shift
Value-based purchasing shift
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Key benefit of EBD
Key benefit of EBD
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Healthcare Safety
Healthcare Safety
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EBD Business Case
EBD Business Case
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Healthcare Buildings as Expenses
Healthcare Buildings as Expenses
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Single-Patient Room Benefits
Single-Patient Room Benefits
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Triple Aim Framework
Triple Aim Framework
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Hospital-Acquired Conditions (HACs)
Hospital-Acquired Conditions (HACs)
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Physical Environment Role
Physical Environment Role
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Return on Investment (ROI) timing
Return on Investment (ROI) timing
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Never Events
Never Events
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EDAC Program
EDAC Program
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Literature review purpose
Literature review purpose
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Research "Rigor"
Research "Rigor"
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Strongest causal relationship
Strongest causal relationship
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Case study limitation
Case study limitation
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Post-occupancy evaluation purpose
Post-occupancy evaluation purpose
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Direct study information location
Direct study information location
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Cross-sectional vs. Longitudinal
Cross-sectional vs. Longitudinal
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Benefit of mixed methods research
Benefit of mixed methods research
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Hypothesis in EBD
Hypothesis in EBD
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Wayfinding system measure
Wayfinding system measure
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Maintaining EBD principles
Maintaining EBD principles
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Value of healthcare site visits
Value of healthcare site visits
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Benefit of including facility's operations
Benefit of including facility's operations
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Purpose of establishing KPIs
Purpose of establishing KPIs
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Project charter value
Project charter value
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Role for researchers role in design
Role for researchers role in design
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Purpose of design guidelines
Purpose of design guidelines
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Effective approach for translating research evidence
Effective approach for translating research evidence
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Developing hypotheses
Developing hypotheses
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Value of mock-ups
Value of mock-ups
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Study Notes
- Evidence-based design, as defined by The Center for Health Design, involves basing decisions about the built environment on credible research to achieve the best possible outcomes.
- Evidence-based design and evidence-based medicine share a common philosophy of using research to inform decisions but apply to different fields.
- The Institute of Medicine published the report "To Err Is Human" which highlighted the relationship between medical errors and facility design.
- Healthcare reimbursement has shifted toward value-based purchasing models to incentivize improved outcomes and patient experience.
- A key benefit of using evidence-based design in healthcare settings includes potentially reduced operational costs and improved outcomes.
- Economy is not one of the IOM's six aims for healthcare improvements, these include safety, efficiency, patient-centeredness, effectiveness, equity, and timeliness.
- The most compelling business case argument for a hospital CEO considering implementing evidence-based design principles in a new facility would be: Evidence-based design will potentially reduce operational costs while improving outcomes.
- Historically, healthcare organizations have viewed the physical building as a sunk cost or overhead expense.
- Single-patient room designs most directly address the healthcare trend focusing on quality, safety, and satisfaction.
- The Triple Aim framework developed by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement is to Improve patient experience, improve population health, and reduce per capita cost.
- An example of a hospital-acquired condition (HAC) that the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services will not reimburse if it occurs during hospitalization is Stage III pressure ulcers that develop during the hospital stay.
- The physical environment is one component that works with organizational culture, processes, and leadership to improve healthcare outcomes.
- Calculating return on investment for design features is NOT one of the eight steps in the evidence-based design process.
- "Never Events" in healthcare refers to serious adverse events that should never occur in healthcare.
- The Center for Health Design established the Evidence-Based Design Accreditation and Certification (EDAC) program.
- The most appropriate outcomes to measure when a hospital is redesigning its maternity ward and implementing evidence-based design principles are length of stay and breastfeeding success rates.
- The ACA incentivizes outcomes that can be supported by evidence-based design strategies, this describes the relationship between the Affordable Care Act and evidence-based design.
- Ulrich's 1984 study is correctly paired with its significance as the first evidence linking window views to patient outcomes.
- Hospitals are most likely to have the highest water use intensity (WUI).
- Evidence-based design addresses the aging healthcare workforce by creating environments that reduce physical strain and increase efficiency.
- A key driver behind the trend toward decentralized healthcare delivery is reducing costs while maintaining quality of care.
- Creating dedicated staff respite areas with access to daylight is an evidence-based design strategy that would MOST directly address a healthcare organization's concerns about its high rate of staff turnover.
- The HCAHPS survey in relation to evidence-based design assesses patient experience aspects that can be influenced by facility design.
- Environmental safety and sustainability is the healthcare trend MOST directly addressed by sustainable design practices.
- In evidence-based design, the physical environment is viewed as both a work and healing environment as well as a business and cultural environment
- The concept of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) has impacted facility design by prompting designs with more hard, wipeable surfaces and better hand hygiene accessibility
- The aspect of evidence-based design that makes it particularly appealing to hospital boards seeking to justify costly decisions is its foundation in research and measurable outcomes.
- When patient falls have increased since moving to a new unit the FIRST action taken from an evidence-based design perspective should be to collect data on the specific locations and circumstances of falls
- Evidence-based design considers lifecycle costs alongside initial investments, this best describes the relationship between evidence-based design and the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) concept.
- The "green building" movement share common goals of improved outcomes and efficiency with evidence-based design principles in healthcare.
- The concept of "Fable Hospital" contribute to evidence-based design practice by demonstrating the business case for evidence-based design investments.
- A research team measured ambient noise levels in patient rooms, observed patient stress levels, and recorded the duration of family visits and found that high ambient noise was associated with high patient stress and short family visits. This is an example of a correlational study.
- Randomized controlled trial is the strongest research design for generating sound and credible empirical evidence.
- "Empirical research" means research based on systematic investigation of tangible facts in the context of evidence-based design.
- Social media discussions are NOT a primary source of evidence for evidence-based design.
- The purpose of critically interpreting evidence in the evidence-based design process is to determine if the evidence is credible and can be used to inform design.
- The most important question to ask when evaluating the credibility of research for use in evidence-based design is whether the research methodology supports the conclusions.
- Looking for patterns of findings across multiple studies is important when reviewing research literature for evidence-based design in order to strengthen confidence in the evidence when studies may not be well-controlled.
- A key difference between qualitative and quantitative research methods is that quantitative research measures quantities and numbers while qualitative research explores experiences and perceptions.
- An observational study with behavior mapping would be the MOST appropriate research method to understand how the current layout affects staff workflow if a hospital is planning to redesign its emergency department.
- The purpose of a literature review in the evidence-based design process is to identify gaps in knowledge and determine what relevant research has already been performed.
- "Rigor" refers to the soundness of the research method, adherence to protocols, and control of variables when evaluating research for evidence-based design.
- The example that demonstrates the strongest causal relationship in research is: In a controlled study, patients randomly assigned to rooms with natural light used less pain medication than those in rooms without natural light
- A key limitation of case study research in evidence-based design is that results may not be generalizable to other settings.
- The primary purpose of post-occupancy evaluation research is to evaluate the effectiveness of design strategies and identify lessons for future projects.
- The Methods section provides the most direct information about how the study was conducted when reading a research article.
- Cross-sectional studies examine data at one point in time, while longitudinal studies collect data over multiple time points, this is the main difference between the two study designs.
- A key benefit of mixed methods research: It provides both breadth and depth of understanding.
- An example of a correlational research question is: A design team is interested in understanding the relationship between lighting conditions and medication errors in a pharmacy.
- The primary purpose of developing a hypothesis in the evidence-based design process: To predict the expected relationship between variables that can be tested.
- The most direct measure of whether a new wayfinding system has improved visitor navigation: number of staff interruptions for directions.
- A potential limitation of relying solely on patient satisfaction data when evaluating the impact of design: Patient satisfaction may be influenced by factors other than design.
- "Validity" refers to whether the research measures what it claims to measure when evaluating research methods.
- The role of a control group in experimental research: To provide a comparison for assessing the impact of an intervention.
- A value of using simulation in evidence-based design research: It allows for testing of design concepts before implementation.
- When collecting baseline performance measures, the generally recommended time frame to ensure reliable data: at least three months.
- Systematic reviews follow explicit, predetermined methods to identify and evaluate all relevant research, this is the primary difference between a systematic review and a literature review.
- Physiological measures such as heart rate or cortisol levels is the most objective measure of the impact of a new hospital lobby design on visitor stress levels.
- The purpose of a pilot study in research is to test the research methods and instruments on a small scale before full implementation.
- When conducting observational research of staff behavior in a healthcare setting, an important ethical consideration: Informing staff that they are being observed.
- The value of collecting both qualitative and quantitative data when evaluating the impact of design: It provides both measurable outcomes and contextual understanding.
- The most appropriate baseline measurement to collect: The number of steps nurses take during a typical shift for a hospital implementing a new decentralized nurse station design.
- Key consideration when determining sample size for research in evidence-based design: Statistical power needed to detect meaningful differences.
- The Knowledge Repository developed by The Center for Health Design: A central repository for evidence-based design references and articles.
- The most important benefit of involving an interdisciplinary team in healthcare design projects: It integrates diverse expertise and perspectives for better problem-solving.
- The primary purpose of a visioning session during the project setup phase: To clarify project message, image, brand, and desired features.
- Building material suppliers are NOT typically considered a key stakeholder in a healthcare design project.
- The value of including patients and families in the project planning process: They can provide insights about the patient experience that staff might not consider.
- The most appropriate way to determine which evidence-based design strategies to include in a project with limited resources: Select the strategies that have the strongest evidence for addressing the project's goals.
- The primary purpose of developing a business case for evidence-based design features: To justify the investment by linking one-time costs to ongoing benefits.
- During the predesign phase, the purpose of collecting baseline performance measures: To establish starting points for comparison after design implementation.
- A project team is interested in reducing patient falls and increasing staff satisfaction in an existing inpatient unit. Given the limited budget, the first thing the project team should do: Conduct a critical review of the existing research for each option.
- The most important factor to consider when defining evidence-based goals and objectives for a healthcare project: The organization's strategic priorities and needs.
- The purpose of a gap analysis during the predesign phase: To identify areas where current performance falls short of desired performance.
- When evaluating potential evidence-based design strategies for a project, the most important consideration: The alignment with project goals and objectives.
- When a hospital project manager is making recommendations for participants to join the interdisciplinary project team. Vendors should be included because they provide insight regarding appropriate products to meet project goals
- The facility's mission statement guides the establishment of project goals and objectives, in evidence-based design planning.
- During a key stakeholder meeting, a nurse shared an article from a peer-reviewed journal; The team should FIRST conduct an additional literature search to validate the research findings.
- The primary purpose of developing a communication plan during project setup: To keep stakeholders informed and engaged throughout the project.
- The Chief Executive Officer is in the best position to drive the culture change necessary to establish the vision for a new healthcare facility.
- The most effective way to ensure evidence-based design principles are maintained despite budget pressures is to clearly link evidence-based design features to strategic goals and expected outcomes.
- Site visits to other healthcare facilities during the predesign phase are valuable for learning from others' experiences and seeing evidence-based strategies in action.
- Including representatives from the facility's operations and maintenance departments in the interdisciplinary design team is beneficial because they can provide insights about long-term maintainability of design features.
- The primary purpose of establishing key performance indicators (KPIs) during the predesign phase is to measure the success of the project in meeting its goals.
- The value of creating a project charter during the setup phase is that it establishes a shared understanding of the project's purpose, scope, and objectives.
- The most appropriate role for researchers in the predesign phase of an evidence-based design project is to help identify and interpret relevant evidence to inform design.
- The primary purpose of creating design guidelines in evidence-based design is to translate relevant evidence into summary statements for guiding design decisions.
- The most effective approach for translating research evidence into design concepts is developing design guidelines based on critically evaluated evidence that addresses project goals.
- When developing hypotheses about how design will impact outcomes, the most important consideration is the clarity of the predicted relationship between design and outcomes.
- The value of mock-ups in the design phase is that they allow users to experience and provide feedback on design concepts before implementation.
- The most effective way to make a decision from an evidence-based perspective when a design team is debating between two different layouts for an emergency department is to evaluate each layout against evidence-based criteria related to project goals.
- The primary purpose of standardization in healthcare facility design: To improve safety and efficiency by reducing cognitive load and potential for error.
- When designing a new patient room, the MOST important consideration from an evidence-based perspective is designing to support both clinical and patient experience outcomes.
- The primary purpose of creating a mock-up patient room during the design phase is to test the functionality and gather user feedback before final design decisions.
- When incorporating technology into healthcare facility design, the most important consideration is designing for both current needs and future adaptability.
- The value of involving clinical staff in evaluating design alternatives is that they can provide insights about workflow and functional requirements.
- The most effective approach to balancing multiple competing design objectives in a healthcare project is prioritizing design objectives based on their alignment with project goals and evidence strength.
- Equipment planners should coordinate equipment needs with space planning and infrastructure requirements in the design phase of a healthcare project.
- Balancing current needs with capacity for future adaptation is the primary challenge of designing for flexibility in healthcare facilities.
- The value of integrating sustainable design principles into healthcare facility design is that they can improve environmental quality while reducing operational costs.
- The primary purpose of developing a wayfinding strategy during healthcare facility design is to help users navigate the facility efficiently and reduce stress.
- When designing spaces to reduce healthcare-associated infections, the most important consideration is understanding transmission pathways and designing to interrupt them.
- The most appropriate approach to designing healthcare spaces that support the needs of diverse patient populations is applying universal design principles to accommodate varied needs.
- The most important activity that the project team does during the construction phase to prepare a project for post-occupancy research is verify that the building and systems comply with the intent of the research plan and design strategies
- It is vital to monitor the implementation of design strategies during construction to ensure that evidence-based design features are not compromised during value engineering.
- The main goal of commissioning in a healthcare construction project; To verify and document that building systems function as intended.
- Most important when planning the transition from an existing facility to a new design facility; Preparing staff to work effectively in the new environment
- The value of conducting staff training about evidence-based design features before occupancy is to ensure staff understand how to use design features to support intended outcomes.
- The important consideration when collecting post-occupancy data is to use exactly the same methods as baseline data collection.
- The primary value of sharing post-occupancy evaluation results with the broader healthcare design community is that It contributes to the knowledge base and helps advance evidence-based design practice.
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