International Law Quiz 2

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Questions and Answers

Why did the administration wait to make recommendations about what was needed for the war on terror?

  • They believed they couldn't foresee exactly what was needed. (correct)
  • They were hoping for more international support before taking action.
  • They were unsure about the loyalty of their allies in the war on terror.
  • They wanted to surprise their enemies with unexpected tactics.

What did some people accuse the Bush Administration of regarding their statements about Saddam Hussein?

  • Being overly cautious in their assessments
  • Making dishonest statements (correct)
  • Underestimating the threat posed by Saddam Hussein
  • Having insufficient intelligence on the matter

How did Kanan Makiya describe the state of Iraq under Saddam Hussein's rule?

  • A model for prosperity and stability in the Middle East
  • Largely unaffected by political unrest
  • Flourishing due to efficient governance
  • Turned into a desert from once being the Fertile Crescent (correct)

What was a common hazard faced by travelers in Iraq according to the text?

<p>Bandits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the central fact on everybody's mind during the meeting with American officials?

<p>The need for immediate authority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was considered the single most important source of intelligence on Saddam Hussein's Iraq by top Pentagon adviser Richard Perle?

<p>Ahmad Chalabi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Chalabi's educational background mentioned in the text?

<p>Ph.D. in mathematics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Chalabi believe would happen if the U.S. did not help the Iraqi people get rid of Saddam Hussein?

<p>His son would come to power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Chalabi, what led to half of the people believing that the war wasn't justified?

<p>False intelligence reports (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event made it politically feasible to go to war to remove Saddam Hussein according to the text?

<p>September 11, 2001 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Future of Iraq project?

<p>To plan for practical issues in post-Saddam Iraq (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Kanan Makiya initially decline an invitation to participate in the Future of Iraq Project?

<p>He felt there were better qualified individuals inside Iraq (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Ahmad Chalabi's influential connection in the first Bush White House?

<p>Richard Haass (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Richard Haass tell Ahmad Chalabi during their meeting in the White House?

<p>&quot;We will support democracy in Iraq if you endorse a democratic government.&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the special intelligence office set up inside the Pentagon?

<p>To analyze Iraq's possible connection with al Qaeda (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Laith Kubba's role in the Future of Iraq Project?

<p>He participated in three working groups in the project (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was the special intelligence office considered mysterious by Greg Thielmann?

<p>Because they didn't actively participate in the normal intelligence assessment processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Kanan Makiya believe was essential for the future of Iraq?

<p>Democracy after Saddam Hussein (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Greg Thielmann criticize about the Central Intelligence Agency's approach?

<p>Their tendency to filter out possibilities inconsistent with their model (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were some Iraqi exiles, including Ahmad Chalabi, skeptical about the Future of Iraq Project?

<p>They doubted the usefulness of seminars and working groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What report caught the attention of the special intelligence office and was passed on to the White House?

<p>Iraqi intelligence officer's meeting with a 9/11 hijacker in Prague (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'The future of Iraq is in the hands of Iraqis alone today' signifies which individual's viewpoint?

<p>&quot;Kanan Makiya&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the FBI disprove the alleged meeting between Mohammed Atta and the Iraqi intelligence officer in Prague?

<p>By tracing Atta's car rental records to Florida during that time period (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Nobody had a clue what the challenges are ahead' implies what about post-Saddam Iraq?

<p>'Post-Saddam Iraq lacked clear direction and understanding of its challenges' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Most Iraqi exiles were enthusiastic about the Future of Iraq Project' except for whom?

<p>'Ahmad Chalabi' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant issue highlighted by the level of influence from the special intelligence office?

<p>The extensive manipulation of intelligence sources for policy purposes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was it considered unusual that the special intelligence office's work entered the policy community at a high level?

<p>Because their work bypassed standard intelligence production channels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key difference between how the Pentagon and State Department approached Iraq?

<p>The Pentagon built a case for war while the State Department planned for the aftermath. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz direct Douglas Feith to do?

<p>Set up a special office to analyze links between al Qaeda and Iran (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Greg Thielmann find it challenging to understand the purpose of the special intelligence office?

<p>Because of their secretive and non-standard approach to analyzing intelligence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Thielmann emphasize about looking for hidden treasure while walking down the street?

<p>If one is not actively searching, they will miss finding hidden treasure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggered the breakdown in the relationship between the INC and the U.S. in the mid-'90s?

<p>Misrepresentation of the strength of the INC by Chalabi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the White House order the CIA to abandon their operation with the INC?

<p>Fear of one-way street for military intervention (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Iraqi Liberation Act?

<p>Officially make regime change in Iraq U.S. government policy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Chalabi use the funds provided by the Iraqi Liberation Act?

<p>To attract and pay defectors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major concern regarding Iraq's nuclear program, according to Dr. Hamid al Bahali?

<p>Absence of technical expertise to assemble a weapon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was believed to be present at Tuweitha, according to Dr. Hamid al Bahali?

<p>'Uranium-enriching facilities and centrifuges' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the CIA/Pentagon team's search in Iraq regarding weapons of mass destruction?

<p>'No evidence of weapons of mass destruction' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to concerns about radioactive contamination near Tuweitha?

<p>Looting at the nuclear plant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Dr. Bahali believe was lacking in Iraq's nuclear program despite its resources?

<p>Technical expertise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Clinton administration refuse support for Chalabi's Iraqi uprising in the mid-'90s?

<p>Fear of a one-way street for U.S. military intervention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What made it difficult for weapons inspectors to determine Iraq's possession of biological or nuclear weapons?

<p>Absence of clear evidence despite suspicions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did many news organizations use Chalabi's defectors?

<p>As sources for investigative journalism pieces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason given in the text for not sharing certain evidence with the United States?

<p>The evidence was not verifiable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the conclusion drawn about the intelligence provided to the administration?

<p>It was manipulated and distorted (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What statement did President Bush make in Cincinnati about the evidence of Saddam Hussein's nuclear program?

<p>There is concrete proof of a nuclear weapon program (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Pentagon's special intelligence office fall short regarding Saddam's links to al Qaeda?

<p>They struggled to prove current and active links (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What crucial information was missing from the speeches and TV appearances regarding Iraq's weapons of mass destruction?

<p>Contradictory evidence from intelligence agencies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did President Bush emphasize as a key reason for not waiting for final proof before acting?

<p>'Waiting for final proof is a luxury we can't afford' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Defense Intelligence Agency report in late September 2002 state regarding Iraq's chemical weapons production?

<p>'No reliable information on production or stockpiling' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Faith-based intelligence' refers to what practice according to the text?

<p>'Cherry-picking and distorting data to fit an interpretation' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'The smoking gun' in President Bush's speech referred to what potential scenario?

<p>'A conclusive piece of evidence leading to action' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Cherry-picking' information implies what kind of selective behavior according to the text?

<p>'Selective choice of data that fits a narrative' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Caveats and contrary evidence' were notably absent from what type of communication?

<p>'Public speeches and television appearances' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Links between al Qaeda and Saddam Hussein' were claimed to have been demonstrated based on what type of evidence?

<p>'Strong leads and evidence provided to US hands' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the major Iraqi opposition conference in London in December 2002?

<p>To plan how Iraq would be ruled after the war. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Kanan Makiya propose in his blueprint for democracy at the Iraqi opposition conference?

<p>A completely new democratic state for Iraq. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the State Department distance itself from Kanan Makiya's proposal?

<p>It challenged the State Department's opposition to a provisional government. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the key differences between Kanan Makiya's approach and that of the State Department regarding post-war Iraq?

<p>Makiya wanted to establish a provisional government composed of exiles, while the State Department preferred Iraqi input. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did many Iraqis and even Kanan Makiya oppose the idea of a provisional government composed of exiles?

<p>They thought it would exclude the voices of Iraqis inside the country in governance decisions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the State Department's objection to Makiya's proposal of immediate debaathification of Iraq?

<p>The proposal threatened to create a power vacuum without suitable replacements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Kanan Makiya's view on the formation of a provisional government after Saddam Hussein's fall?

<p>He believed that the Iraqi people, especially those inside the country, should have a say in any provisional government. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Kanan Makiya consider to be the core goal behind his involvement in advocating for democracy in Iraq?

<p>'Democracy in Iraq,' envisioning a new democratic state for the region. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Reducing Iraq to the opposition, reducing the opposition to the INC, and having all post-Iraq planning start from that group' refers to:

<p>'Iraqi exiles' attempt to monopolize power and influence in post-Saddam Iraq.' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the narrator's initial perception of the Ba'ath party?

<p>A modernizing force (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the post-war looting according to the narrator?

<p>Destruction of essential infrastructure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were nearly all the buildings needed to run post-war Iraq found demolished by General Jay Garner and his team?

<p>Due to intentional destruction during looting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the challenges faced by weary residents in post-war Iraq as mentioned in the text?

<p>Long waiting times for gasoline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did General Jay Garner respond to the question about planning for looting?

<p>He expected some looting but not on a serious scale (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was General Jay Garner's opinion about the military's presence in Baghdad post-war?

<p>Additional troops were required for better control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the GIs deal with Iraqis caught looting wood?

<p>&quot;Took their car and crushed it&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of a car owner whose car was crushed by GIs?

<p>&quot;I am a taxi driver. The car was my livelihood.&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What request did weary residents make to the U.S. in post-war Iraq?

<p>&quot;Take control or go home&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"We want a government and we want it now." Who expressed this sentiment?

<p>&quot;Kanan Makiya&quot; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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