Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the role of TEE in the evaluation of prosthetic mitral valves?
What is the role of TEE in the evaluation of prosthetic mitral valves?
- To evaluate left ventricular outflow tract
- To evaluate pulmonary regurgitation
- To evaluate prosthetic aortic valve regurgitation
- To evaluate prosthetic mitral valve function (correct)
What is the abbreviation for Cardiac magnetic resonance?
What is the abbreviation for Cardiac magnetic resonance?
- PET
- CHD
- ICE
- CMR (correct)
What is the abbreviation for Effective orifice area?
What is the abbreviation for Effective orifice area?
- EROA
- PVR
- LVOT
- EOA (correct)
What is the role of Doppler echocardiography in mitral valve repair or replacement?
What is the role of Doppler echocardiography in mitral valve repair or replacement?
What is the role of CT in the evaluation of prosthetic mitral valves?
What is the role of CT in the evaluation of prosthetic mitral valves?
What is the purpose of echocardiography in the evaluation of PHVs associated with CHD?
What is the purpose of echocardiography in the evaluation of PHVs associated with CHD?
Which of the following echocardiographic techniques is used in the evaluation of PHVs associated with CHD?
Which of the following echocardiographic techniques is used in the evaluation of PHVs associated with CHD?
What is the role of Cardiac CT in the evaluation of prosthetic valves in CHD?
What is the role of Cardiac CT in the evaluation of prosthetic valves in CHD?
Which modality is used to evaluate prosthetic TV stenosis?
Which modality is used to evaluate prosthetic TV stenosis?
What is the purpose of CMR in the evaluation of prosthetic valves?
What is the purpose of CMR in the evaluation of prosthetic valves?
What is the purpose of comparing a study with a baseline study or serial postoperative studies in evaluating prosthetic valve function?
What is the purpose of comparing a study with a baseline study or serial postoperative studies in evaluating prosthetic valve function?
What is the recommended approach for echocardiographic imaging in patients with prosthetic heart valves?
What is the recommended approach for echocardiographic imaging in patients with prosthetic heart valves?
What is the significance of including heart rate in the report when evaluating prosthetic valve function?
What is the significance of including heart rate in the report when evaluating prosthetic valve function?
What is the reported prevalence of prosthetic valve dysfunction?
What is the reported prevalence of prosthetic valve dysfunction?
Why is TEE frequently needed in addition to transthoracic Doppler?
Why is TEE frequently needed in addition to transthoracic Doppler?
What is the most common cause of bioprosthesis degeneration?
What is the most common cause of bioprosthesis degeneration?
What is the primary site of calcification in bioprosthesis?
What is the primary site of calcification in bioprosthesis?
What is the failure rate of homografts at 10 to 15 years?
What is the failure rate of homografts at 10 to 15 years?
What is the term for intrinsic permanent changes to the prosthetic valve?
What is the term for intrinsic permanent changes to the prosthetic valve?
What is the term for a valve that is expanded using a balloon?
What is the term for a valve that is expanded using a balloon?
Which type of echocardiography is used during percutaneous prosthetic valve replacement?
Which type of echocardiography is used during percutaneous prosthetic valve replacement?
What is the term for the mismatch between the size of the prosthetic valve and the patient's anatomy?
What is the term for the mismatch between the size of the prosthetic valve and the patient's anatomy?
What is the primary role of Doppler echocardiography in the evaluation of prosthetic aortic valves?
What is the primary role of Doppler echocardiography in the evaluation of prosthetic aortic valves?
Which imaging modality is used to evaluate prosthetic valve thrombosis?
Which imaging modality is used to evaluate prosthetic valve thrombosis?
What is the term for the normal backflow of blood through a prosthetic valve?
What is the term for the normal backflow of blood through a prosthetic valve?
Which echocardiographic technique is used to guide percutaneous prosthetic valve replacement?
Which echocardiographic technique is used to guide percutaneous prosthetic valve replacement?
What is the term for the abnormal narrowing of a prosthetic valve?
What is the term for the abnormal narrowing of a prosthetic valve?
Which modality is used to evaluate prosthetic valve function in patients with CHD?
Which modality is used to evaluate prosthetic valve function in patients with CHD?
What is the term for the leak between a prosthetic valve and the surrounding tissue?
What is the term for the leak between a prosthetic valve and the surrounding tissue?
Which echocardiographic technique is used to measure gradients across prosthetic valves?
Which echocardiographic technique is used to measure gradients across prosthetic valves?
In patients with significant cardiac valvular disease, what may be inevitable?
In patients with significant cardiac valvular disease, what may be inevitable?
Which valves are more frequently repaired?
Which valves are more frequently repaired?
Why are diagnostic methods needed in patients with prosthetic valves?
Why are diagnostic methods needed in patients with prosthetic valves?
What is commonly performed in adults especially?
What is commonly performed in adults especially?
What is the role of echocardiography in patients with prosthetic valves?
What is the role of echocardiography in patients with prosthetic valves?
Which type of prosthetic valve is more thrombogenic according to the text?
Which type of prosthetic valve is more thrombogenic according to the text?
Which valve is affected more frequently by thrombosis compared to left-sided valves?
Which valve is affected more frequently by thrombosis compared to left-sided valves?
How is thrombus on bioprosthetic valves described in CT imaging?
How is thrombus on bioprosthetic valves described in CT imaging?
Which of the following is NOT listed as an essential parameter for the evaluation of prosthetic valve function in the text?
Which of the following is NOT listed as an essential parameter for the evaluation of prosthetic valve function in the text?
What may thrombus be associated with when seen on echocardiography?
What may thrombus be associated with when seen on echocardiography?
What are some of the common causes of structural prosthetic heart valve (PHV) dysfunction?
What are some of the common causes of structural prosthetic heart valve (PHV) dysfunction?
What is the main difference between physiologic and pathologic prosthetic regurgitation?
What is the main difference between physiologic and pathologic prosthetic regurgitation?
What common issue can cause pressure recovery in the context of prosthetic valves?
What common issue can cause pressure recovery in the context of prosthetic valves?
In the context of prosthetic valve function, what does the term 'nonstructural valve dysfunction' refer to?
In the context of prosthetic valve function, what does the term 'nonstructural valve dysfunction' refer to?
What is a potential consequence of paravalvular leak in prosthetic valves?
What is a potential consequence of paravalvular leak in prosthetic valves?
How does prosthesis-patient mismatch affect the hemodynamic performance of prosthetic valves?
How does prosthesis-patient mismatch affect the hemodynamic performance of prosthetic valves?
What imaging modality is considered less sensitive for the detection of valvular regurgitation in mitral and tricuspid prostheses?
What imaging modality is considered less sensitive for the detection of valvular regurgitation in mitral and tricuspid prostheses?
What impact does hypoattenuation affecting motion have on prosthetic heart valves?
What impact does hypoattenuation affecting motion have on prosthetic heart valves?
What is a key parameter for determining whether prosthetic valve function has changed?
What is a key parameter for determining whether prosthetic valve function has changed?
What is included in echocardiographic imaging recommendations for patients with prosthetic heart valves?
What is included in echocardiographic imaging recommendations for patients with prosthetic heart valves?
Why should body surface area be included in the assessment of prosthetic heart valves?
Why should body surface area be included in the assessment of prosthetic heart valves?
What is the significance of mild thickening in a biologic valve?
What is the significance of mild thickening in a biologic valve?
In the aortic position, what does independent or rocking motion of a replacement valve indicate?
In the aortic position, what does independent or rocking motion of a replacement valve indicate?
What does increased mobility of a valve in the mitral position potentially indicate?
What does increased mobility of a valve in the mitral position potentially indicate?
Thickening of the aortic root post-stentless valve insertion can be mistaken for what condition?
Thickening of the aortic root post-stentless valve insertion can be mistaken for what condition?
What is the potential consequence of rocking motion in a replacement valve?
What is the potential consequence of rocking motion in a replacement valve?
Why might off-axis imaging be necessary to visualize the central occluder or leaflets of the prosthetic valve?
Why might off-axis imaging be necessary to visualize the central occluder or leaflets of the prosthetic valve?
What is the diagnostic significance of biplane imaging in the evaluation of a prosthetic valve?
What is the diagnostic significance of biplane imaging in the evaluation of a prosthetic valve?
What sign in the mitral valve needs to be differentiated to not mistake it for dehiscence?
What sign in the mitral valve needs to be differentiated to not mistake it for dehiscence?
What is the best approach to differentiate thickening due to hematoma from a potential aortic root abscess?
What is the best approach to differentiate thickening due to hematoma from a potential aortic root abscess?
What lasting sign in a stentless valve could potentially be mistaken for an abscess?
What lasting sign in a stentless valve could potentially be mistaken for an abscess?
What is a key parameter for determining prosthetic valve function changes?
What is a key parameter for determining prosthetic valve function changes?
In which type of prosthetic valves could overestimation of the gradient occur, especially with smaller valves and high cardiac output?
In which type of prosthetic valves could overestimation of the gradient occur, especially with smaller valves and high cardiac output?
What equation should be used to estimate the pressure gradient in patients with aortic prostheses and high cardiac output or narrow LVOT when V1 > 1.5 m/sec?
What equation should be used to estimate the pressure gradient in patients with aortic prostheses and high cardiac output or narrow LVOT when V1 > 1.5 m/sec?
Which condition may be inevitable in patients with high cardiac output and narrow LVOT in aortic prostheses?
Which condition may be inevitable in patients with high cardiac output and narrow LVOT in aortic prostheses?
Which type of valve may experience more overestimation of the gradient than others, particularly with specific conditions?
Which type of valve may experience more overestimation of the gradient than others, particularly with specific conditions?
Which category of prosthetic valve dysfunction involves intrinsic permanent changes to the valve, such as leaflet disruption or stent fracture?
Which category of prosthetic valve dysfunction involves intrinsic permanent changes to the valve, such as leaflet disruption or stent fracture?
What is the most common cause of bioprosthesis degeneration in prosthetic valves?
What is the most common cause of bioprosthesis degeneration in prosthetic valves?
In prosthetic heart valves, where is valve calcification most commonly found?
In prosthetic heart valves, where is valve calcification most commonly found?
What is the term used for changes to a prosthetic valve that are temporary and reversible, not involving permanent alterations to the valve structure?
What is the term used for changes to a prosthetic valve that are temporary and reversible, not involving permanent alterations to the valve structure?
In prosthetic valves, which type of valve dysfunction is more common in bioprosthetic valves compared to mechanical prostheses?
In prosthetic valves, which type of valve dysfunction is more common in bioprosthetic valves compared to mechanical prostheses?
