Podcast
Questions and Answers
The magnitude of change within the single European market raised concern among American and Japanese ______.
The magnitude of change within the single European market raised concern among American and Japanese ______.
industrialists
Anti-dumping measures are penalties against firms selling goods in export markets 'below ______'.
Anti-dumping measures are penalties against firms selling goods in export markets 'below ______'.
cost
Local content rules stipulate that goods sold locally must contain a certain proportion of components produced in the ______.
Local content rules stipulate that goods sold locally must contain a certain proportion of components produced in the ______.
target market
These measures have arguably compounded competition as firms have sought to bypass the non-tariff barriers through foreign direct ______.
These measures have arguably compounded competition as firms have sought to bypass the non-tariff barriers through foreign direct ______.
The scope of GATT is no longer sufficient to control 'trade' on a global ______.
The scope of GATT is no longer sufficient to control 'trade' on a global ______.
What do rules of origin dictate?
What do rules of origin dictate?
Which of the following best describes local content rules?
Which of the following best describes local content rules?
What type of barriers have firms sought to bypass through foreign direct investment?
What type of barriers have firms sought to bypass through foreign direct investment?
What is one potential consequence of anti-dumping measures?
What is one potential consequence of anti-dumping measures?
What does the text suggest about the scope of GATT in relation to global trade?
What does the text suggest about the scope of GATT in relation to global trade?
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Study Notes
Change in the European Market
- The single European market's transformation raised concerns among American and Japanese industrialists due to potential protectionist measures.
- Proposed external trade measures include anti-dumping penalties, which target firms selling goods below cost in export markets.
Trade Regulations
- Rules of origin specify that the last major transformation of goods must occur in the country of origin, discouraging firms from routing goods through countries with free trade links to the target market.
- Local content rules require a minimum proportion of components in locally sold goods to be produced in the target market, affecting various industries.
- Voluntary agreements function like quotas but are established by exporting countries, aimed at maintaining good relations.
Impact on Global Competition
- Instead of limiting global competition, these measures have intensified it as companies attempt to navigate non-tariff barriers through foreign direct investment (FDI).
- There's a growing belief that the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) framework no longer adequately addresses global trade complexities.
- Historically, firms primarily viewed exporting as the main strategy for entering foreign markets; however, this perspective is evolving.
Change in the European Market
- The single European market's transformation raised concerns among American and Japanese industrialists due to potential protectionist measures.
- Proposed external trade measures include anti-dumping penalties, which target firms selling goods below cost in export markets.
Trade Regulations
- Rules of origin specify that the last major transformation of goods must occur in the country of origin, discouraging firms from routing goods through countries with free trade links to the target market.
- Local content rules require a minimum proportion of components in locally sold goods to be produced in the target market, affecting various industries.
- Voluntary agreements function like quotas but are established by exporting countries, aimed at maintaining good relations.
Impact on Global Competition
- Instead of limiting global competition, these measures have intensified it as companies attempt to navigate non-tariff barriers through foreign direct investment (FDI).
- There's a growing belief that the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) framework no longer adequately addresses global trade complexities.
- Historically, firms primarily viewed exporting as the main strategy for entering foreign markets; however, this perspective is evolving.
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