Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who invented the printing press?
Who invented the printing press?
What was the impact of the printing press on knowledge?
What was the impact of the printing press on knowledge?
Why did the Church resist the spread of new knowledge?
Why did the Church resist the spread of new knowledge?
What happened in 1453 CE that affected the trade between the East and Europe?
What happened in 1453 CE that affected the trade between the East and Europe?
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What was the impact of the capture of Constantinople on the trade between the East and Europe?
What was the impact of the capture of Constantinople on the trade between the East and Europe?
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Why were scholars able to continue their work despite being declared heretics?
Why were scholars able to continue their work despite being declared heretics?
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What was the main commodity being traded between the East and Europe?
What was the main commodity being traded between the East and Europe?
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Before the discovery of new sea routes, who had a monopoly over the trade between the East and Europe?
Before the discovery of new sea routes, who had a monopoly over the trade between the East and Europe?
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What was the role of Italian merchants in the trade between the East and Europe?
What was the role of Italian merchants in the trade between the East and Europe?
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What was the impact of the discovery of new sea routes on the trade between the East and Europe?
What was the impact of the discovery of new sea routes on the trade between the East and Europe?
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Study Notes
Renaissance Overview
- Renaissance means 'rebirth' or 'revival', originating in Italy around the 15th century CE.
- It marked a shift towards humanism, emphasizing human existence and inquiry over solely religious themes.
Impact on Literature and Art
- Renaissance writers like Shakespeare and Milton focused on various life aspects, moving beyond religious topics.
- Scholars such as Dante and Sir Thomas More explored societal issues during this period.
- Francesco Petrarch and Giovanni Boccaccio were notable for writing in the vernacular and on secular themes.
Artistic Developments
- New art forms emerged that celebrated naturalism and realism, inspired by humanism.
- Artists like Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael studied human anatomy for accurate depictions.
- Michelangelo is renowned for the Sistine Chapel paintings, including "Creation of Adam" and "Last Judgment".
- Leonardo da Vinci created masterpieces like "The Last Supper" and "Mona Lisa", exemplifying Renaissance ideals.
Scientific Advancements
- The Renaissance rekindled scientific inquiry, promoting experimentation and observation.
- Copernicus proposed the heliocentric theory, challenging the geocentric views upheld by the Church.
- Galileo's acceptance and promotion of Copernican theory led to conflict with the Church; he faced persecution for his beliefs.
- Isaac Newton later established the law of gravitation, further revolutionizing astronomy.
Resistance and Spread of Knowledge
- The Church, having gained substantial power and wealth, restricted education and learning.
- Galileo's discoveries were forbidden, leading to a denial of his findings under duress.
- Innovations like the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg facilitated wider dissemination of knowledge, overcoming previous limitations of handwritten manuscripts.
Economic Changes Through Trade
- Prior to new sea routes, Arab traders monopolized trade between Europe and the East, particularly in valuable Indian commodities.
- The capture of Constantinople by Turks in 1453 disrupted traditional land trading routes, creating a need for new maritime pathways.
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Description
Explore the key events that shaped modern European history, from the Renaissance to the Industrial Revolution and its impact on imperialism.
