8 Questions
Which condition is characterized by an organism or cell having one complete set of extra chromosomes?
Euploidy
What is the term for a condition where an organism or cell has an exact multiple of a complete set of chromosomes?
Euploidy
What is the term for the condition with a chromosome number of 47, as seen in Down's syndrome?
Trisomy
Which condition is characterized by having a chromosome number of 45, as seen in Turner syndrome?
Monosomics
Which condition is characterized by an organism or cell losing or adding one or more chromosomes to the normal set?
Aneuploidy
What is the term for organisms that lose one homologous chromosome?
Nullisomic
Which type of gene often becomes active oncogenes, stimulating uncontrolled cell division?
Proto-oncogenes
Which type of gene recognizes uncontrolled cell division and acts to suppress cell division?
'Tumor-suppressor genes'
Study Notes
Chromosomal Conditions
- Triploidy: characterized by an organism or cell having one complete set of extra chromosomes.
- Polyploidy: a condition where an organism or cell has an exact multiple of a complete set of chromosomes.
- Trisomy: a condition with a chromosome number of 47, as seen in Down's syndrome.
- Monosomy: a condition characterized by having a chromosome number of 45, as seen in Turner syndrome.
- Aneuploidy: a condition where an organism or cell loses or adds one or more chromosomes to the normal set.
Genetic Terminology
- Nullisomy: a condition where an organism loses one homologous chromosome.
- Proto-oncogenes: genes that often become active oncogenes, stimulating uncontrolled cell division.
- Tumor suppressor genes: genes that recognize uncontrolled cell division and act to suppress cell division.
Test your knowledge on euploidy, polyploidy, and aneuploidy, which are conditions related to the variation in the number of chromosome sets and the addition or loss of chromosomes in organisms or cells.
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