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Eukaryotic Cells and Hybrid Genomes

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the three codons that do not specify any amino acid?

To specify the start of a protein-coding sequence

To code for methionine

To recognize and bind to tRNAs

To specify the end of a protein-coding sequence (correct)

What is the typical pattern of codons that specify the same amino acid?

They vary at all three positions

They vary at the third position, and contain the same nucleotides at the first and second positions (correct)

They contain the same nucleotides at all three positions

They vary at the first and second positions, and contain the same nucleotides at the third position

What is the role of the anticodon in tRNA?

To act as a termination site

To specify the start of a protein-coding sequence

To recognize and bind to the amino acid

To pair with the complementary codon in an mRNA molecule (correct)

What is the function of the AUG codon?

It acts as an initiation codon, signaling the start of a protein-coding sequence Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of a typical tRNA molecule?

About 80 nucleotides Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tRNA molecules in protein synthesis?

To act as an adaptor molecule, recognizing and binding both to the codon and the amino acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the convention for writing codons?

The 5`-terminal nucleotide is written to the left Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the codons that specify the same amino acid?

They have the same nucleotides at the first and second positions, and vary at the third position Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the initiation codon?

It signals the start of a protein-coding sequence Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of a tRNA molecule?

An L-shaped molecule Signup and view all the answers