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Questions and Answers
What cellular process does the autogenous model primarily rely on to explain the evolution of eukaryotic cells?
What cellular process does the autogenous model primarily rely on to explain the evolution of eukaryotic cells?
- Horizontal gene transfer between cells.
- Pinocytosis of extracellular material.
- Invagination of the plasma membrane in ancestral prokaryotic cells. (correct)
- Phagocytosis of smaller prokaryotic cells.
According to the endosymbiotic theory, which event is crucial for the emergence of eukaryotic cells?
According to the endosymbiotic theory, which event is crucial for the emergence of eukaryotic cells?
- The engulfment of smaller prokaryotic cells by larger ones, leading to a symbiotic relationship. (correct)
- The secretion of proteins that form membrane-bound compartments.
- Mutation of prokaryotic DNA.
- De novo synthesis of organelles within a prokaryotic cell.
Which scientist is most notably associated with the re-establishment of the endosymbiotic theory in the 1970s?
Which scientist is most notably associated with the re-establishment of the endosymbiotic theory in the 1970s?
- Francis Crick
- Lynn Margulis (correct)
- James Watson
- Rosalind Franklin
Which observation provides strong support for the endosymbiotic theory regarding the origin of certain organelles?
Which observation provides strong support for the endosymbiotic theory regarding the origin of certain organelles?
According to the autogenous model, what key event led to the formation of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?
According to the autogenous model, what key event led to the formation of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?
Which characteristic of prokaryotic cells is essential for the autogenous model's proposed mechanism of eukaryotic cell evolution?
Which characteristic of prokaryotic cells is essential for the autogenous model's proposed mechanism of eukaryotic cell evolution?
How do the autogenous model and the endosymbiotic theory differ in their explanations of the origin of eukaryotic organelles?
How do the autogenous model and the endosymbiotic theory differ in their explanations of the origin of eukaryotic organelles?
What type of relationship does the endosymbiotic theory propose between the host cell and the engulfed prokaryotic cell?
What type of relationship does the endosymbiotic theory propose between the host cell and the engulfed prokaryotic cell?
Which of the following is NOT directly explained by the endosymbiotic theory?
Which of the following is NOT directly explained by the endosymbiotic theory?
What was a key advancement that facilitated the re-establishment and support of the endosymbiotic theory in the 20th century?
What was a key advancement that facilitated the re-establishment and support of the endosymbiotic theory in the 20th century?
Flashcards
Autogenic Model
Autogenic Model
Evolution of eukaryotic cells from invaginations of the cell membrane of ancestral prokaryotic cells.
Endosymbiotic Model
Endosymbiotic Model
A process where eukaryotic cells originated from the incorporation of prokaryotic cells by other prokaryotic cells, establishing intracellular symbiosis.
Nuclear Envelope Formation (Autogenic Model)
Nuclear Envelope Formation (Autogenic Model)
Invagination of the cell membrane in prokaryotes without a rigid cell wall, allowing the genetic material to be enclosed in a membrane-bound structure.
Evidence for Endosymbiosis
Evidence for Endosymbiosis
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Study Notes
Autogenic Model
- Eukaryotic cell evolution resulted from successive invaginations of the cell membrane of ancestral prokaryotic cells
- These invaginations led to specialized membranes, organelle appearance, and functional specialization of membrane compartments
- The autogenic model suggests the origin of the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum
- Invagination of the cell membrane in prokaryotes without a rigid cell wall allowed the cell to circumscribe the cell's genetic material inside a membrane envelope that would constitute the nucleus
Endosymbiotic Model
- Eukaryotic cells result from the incorporation of prokaryotic cells by other larger prokaryotic cells
- These cells established intracellular symbiosis relationships (endosymbiosis)
- Endosymbiotic hypotheses, originating in the early 20th century, were revived in the 1970s with contributions from Lynn Margulis
- Developments in electron microscopy and biochemistry revealed similarities between organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts and some prokaryotic cells
- This suggests a prokaryotic origin for these organelles
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