Questions and Answers
What was the primary objective of the Treaty of Paris, signed in 1951?
Which institution was established by the Treaty of Paris?
Where was the Treaty of Paris signed?
What was a major change introduced by the Treaty of Paris?
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When did the Treaty of Paris enter into force?
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Which of the following was NOT a component of the European Coal and Steel Community established by the Treaty of Paris?
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What historical event influenced the creation of the Treaty of Paris?
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The High Authority established by the Treaty of Paris is considered a precursor to which EU body?
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What was the overall aim of pooling coal and steel resources as per the Treaty of Paris?
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What significant governance characteristic did the Treaty of Paris introduce to Europe?
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What was the original name of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU)?
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What are the 'four freedoms' established by the Treaty of Rome?
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Which treaty was responsible for the relabelling of the Treaty of Rome to the TFEU?
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What is the primary function of the TFEU within the European Union?
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The TEU and TFEU form the legal foundation of which entity?
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What was the primary purpose of the Treaty of Lisbon in relation to the TFEU?
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Which treaty established the general political framework of the European Union?
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What significant change did the Treaty of Lisbon bring about regarding the TFEU?
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Which of the following statements regarding the TFEU is incorrect?
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What was a major change introduced by the Treaty of Amsterdam regarding internal border checks?
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Which treaty introduced the position of a permanent President of the European Council?
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What was a primary focus of the Treaty of Nice?
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Which of the following changes was NOT a result of the Treaty of Lisbon?
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What legislative change did the Treaty of Amsterdam achieve in relation to the European Parliament?
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Which treaty first introduced legal personality to the European Union?
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Which of the following best describes the goal of the Treaty of Amsterdam?
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What major modification did the Treaty of Nice make regarding the Council of the European Union?
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The Treaty on European Union (TEU) was originally known as which treaty?
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One of the significant outcomes of the Treaty of Lisbon was the enhancement of which aspect of EU governance?
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What was the primary aim of the Treaty of Rome signed in 1957?
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Which governing bodies were merged into a single Commission under the Merger Treaty of 1965?
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What significant change did the Single European Act initiate concerning voting procedures?
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What concept was introduced by the Treaty of Maastricht in 1992?
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Which of the following was NOT a component of the Three Pillars structure established by the Treaty of Maastricht?
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How did the Treaty of Rome contribute to the free movement of individuals?
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The European Parliament evolved from which body after the Merger Treaty?
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What significant responsibility was given to the European Ombudsman as established by the Treaty of Maastricht?
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What major objective did the Single European Act aim to complete by 1992?
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Which institution became the unified judicial authority following the Merger Treaty?
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Study Notes
EU Treaties Overview
- A series of foundational treaties establish and modify the European Union's structures and competencies, defining its legal framework and reflecting the aspirations for European integration.
Treaty of Paris (1951)
- Full Name: Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC).
- Signed in Paris, France on April 18, 1951; effective July 23, 1952.
- Aimed to foster economic cooperation post-World War II, particularly between France and Germany, to prevent future conflicts.
- Created the ECSC, the first supranational institution in Europe, regulating coal and steel production.
- Introduced the High Authority, precursor to the European Commission, alongside other institutions like the Common Assembly and Court of Justice.
Treaty of Rome (1957)
- Full Name: Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM).
- Signed in Rome, Italy on March 25, 1957; effective January 1, 1958.
- Established a common market and customs union, enhancing economic integration among founding countries.
- Created the EEC and EURATOM, setting up their respective governing bodies, including the Commission and Courts.
- Introduced Four Freedoms: movement of goods, services, capital, and labor across member states.
Merger Treaty (1965)
- Full Name: Treaty establishing a Single Council and a Single Commission of the European Communities.
- Signed in Brussels, Belgium on April 8, 1965; effective July 1, 1967.
- Merged the executive bodies of ECSC, EEC, and EURATOM into a single Commission to streamline decision-making and operations.
- Unified the Councils of Ministers and Assemblies, evolving the Assembly into the European Parliament.
- Established a single Court of Justice for all three Communities, later called the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU).
Single European Act (1986)
- Full Name: Single European Act.
- Signed in Luxembourg and The Hague on February 17 and 28, 1986; effective July 1, 1987.
- Aimed to complete the internal market by removing remaining trade barriers by 1992.
- Extended Qualified Majority Voting (QMV) to improve decision-making efficiency.
- Strengthened the legislative powers of the European Parliament.
Treaty of Maastricht (1992)
- Full Name: Treaty on European Union (TEU).
- Signed in Maastricht, Netherlands on February 7, 1992; effective November 1, 1993.
- Established the European Union and introduced the concept of European citizenship.
- Laid groundwork for the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and eventual euro introduction.
- Introduced three pillars: European Communities, Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), and Justice and Home Affairs (JHA).
Treaty of Amsterdam (1997)
- Full Name: Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaties establishing the European Communities.
- Signed in Amsterdam, Netherlands on October 2, 1997; effective May 1, 1999.
- Aimed to prepare for EU enlargement and strengthen democratic legitimacy.
- Integrated Schengen Agreement into the EU law, abolishing internal border checks.
- Increased legislative powers of the European Parliament and legislated on fundamental rights.
Treaty of Nice (2001)
- Full Name: Treaty of Nice amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaties establishing the European Communities.
- Signed in Nice, France on February 26, 2001; effective February 1, 2003.
- Focused on institutional reforms for effective functioning amidst EU enlargement.
- Adjusted the composition of the European Commission and modified voting systems in the Council of the European Union.
- Expanded the use of Qualified Majority Voting to reduce dependence on unanimous decisions.
Treaty of Lisbon (2007)
- Full Name: Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community.
- Signed in Lisbon, Portugal on December 13, 2007; effective December 1, 2009.
- Aimed to enhance the EU's democratic processes, efficiency, and global action capabilities.
- Granted the EU legal personality and abolished the three-pillar system for a unified framework.
- Created roles like President of the European Council and High Representative for Foreign Affairs.
- Incorporated the Charter of Fundamental Rights into EU law and expanded the ordinary legislative procedure.
Key Treaties
- Treaty on European Union (TEU): Forms the constitutional basis of the EU; originated as the Maastricht Treaty, focusing on political integration and citizenship.
- Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU): Details operational rules of the EU, originally from the Treaty of Rome, emphasizing internal policies and functions.
- Both treaties underwent renaming and consolidation with the Treaty of Lisbon, marking a significant structural evolution in the EU.
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Description
Explore the foundational treaties that have shaped the European Union. This quiz delves into the treaties' simplified names, full names, signing locations, and important dates, providing a comprehensive understanding of their impact on European integration.
