EU Private Law Quiz

In EPL, Prof. Martuccelli/Prof. Ricci - Competition Law, despite the different schools' approaches, "consumer welfare" is:

An historical example of pro-competition rules can be found in:

The Sherman Act was passed by the U.S. Congress in:

In the evolution of Competition law, the two most important American schools of thoughts were:

The European Community Competition system is composed by:

The TFEU regulates:

Regulation no. 1/2003/EC, adopted on the 16 December 2002, in force since 1st May 2004, is crucial to:

A fundamental case of the ECJ, regarding the direct application of Section 101 and 102, ruling ex art 267 TFUE, is:

According to the definition by the European Commission, a relevant product market comprises all those products and/or services which are regarded as interchangeable or substitutable by the consumer:

According to the definition by the European Commission, a relevant geographic market comprises:

In the United Brands case 27/76, the ECJ stated that

The definition of "market power" is:

Consequences of violation of article 101. Any agreement or decisions prohibited pursuant this article:

A definition of undertakings, which is extremely important for both article 101 and 102:

The Game theory and the prisoner dilemma were elaborated by:

The SSNIP is the abbreviation of:

Which of the following condition is necessary to benefit from the exemption described in article 101.3?

Art 102 TFUE provides:

What is the impact of European legislation (i.e articles 101 and 102 TFUE) on the member states' legal systems?

The "passing on" defense allows:

It is possible to start a damages action for infringement of:

If we look at fundamental case-law of the European Court of Justice such as Crehan-Courageand Manfredi (but also previous case-law such as Van Gen den Loosand Sabena), what is the impact of EU provisions such as Articles 101 and 102 TFEU on the national legal system?

In private enforcement cases, damages are awarded upon demonstration of:

The legal action based on the violation of competition law provisions is aimed at obtaining the payment of damages to the claimant. These are calculated on the basis of:

Competition Law is aimed at granting a level playing field among competitors (effective competition) in order to enhance consumer welfare. Why Competition Law and European Private Law are intertwined?

At European level, what consumer's protection means?

One way of defining the relevant market is to make recourse to the so-called SSNIP test. What SSNIP test means?

What is the main purpose of defining the product and geographic market in European Competition Law?

Agreements represent a form of "cooperation" between undertakings. Under what conditions these agreements can be considered beneficial for the European internal market and, therefore, authorised as per Art. 101.3?

What is the relationship between European Competition Law provisions and national competition law?

What European Member State does not have criminal sanctions for illegal cartels affecting life of its citizen (health sector, automobile sector, housing sector, food distribution, etc.)?

Can national lawyers' regulatory bodies (for instance, Ordine degli Avvocati in Italy) be considered "economic entities" for Competition law purposes? Can they facilitate illegal agreements or forms of abuse of dominant position (like price fixing, exclusionary behaviours)?

In the Consumer Electronics Manufacturers case decided by the European Commission in July 2018 the European Commission imposed up to EUR 110 million of fines. The company involved were Asus, Denon, Marantz, Philips and Pioneer. In particular, how they infringed Art. 101 TFEU?

In Matra Hachette v Commission [Case T-17/93] the Court of First Instance (CFI), now General Court, stated that "there are no anti-competitive agreements which, as a matter of law, could never satisfy the four conditions set out in the provision. Even an agreement that has as its object the restriction of competition in the sense of Art. 81.1 (101.1) is capable, in principle, of satisfying the condition of Art. 81.3 (101.3): in this sense EU law differs from US law, since there are no agreements that are 'per se' illegal in the EU system". This means that in the presence of price-fixing agreements what the undertakings need to show in order to benefit of Art. 101.3 exception?

What amongst the following is considered a positive effect for the purposes of Art. 101.3?

In GlaxoSmithKline the European General Court held that the Commission had failed to carry out a proper examination of the factual arguments and evidence put forward by the company. What was the position of the European court of Justice?

In the US Antitrust Law, what is not allowed as per Section 2 of the Sherman Act (1890).

Why the ALCOA case is of paramount importance in US Antitrust Law?

In the most recent Google case (18.07.18) decided by the European Commission, Google was fined with EUR 4.3 billion for abuse of dominant position for having illegally imposed restrictions on Android device manufactures. What behaviour was considered abusive?

Private enforcement and European Directive 2014/104 introduced certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law. It introduced:

The principle of good faith is provided:

The Principles of European Contract Law will apply when the parties:

The Principles of European Contract Law may be applied:

The Principles of European Contract Law are composed of:

The Part of the Principles of European Contract Law dealing with remedies is the:

The Principles of European Contract Law have been drawn by:

Each party of a contract, according to the Principles of European Contract Law:

According to the Principles of European Contract Law, the parties of a contract:

Does silence or inactivity, according to the Principles of European Contract Law, amount to acceptance of a contract?

According to the Principles of European Contract Law, are the parties bound by a usage which would be considered generally applicable by persons in the same situation as the parties?

The remedy for breach of the duty of confidentiality, according to the Principles of European Contract Law

If the thing provided has been made, after the conclusion of the contract, by the party who delivers it according to the design and indications of the other party or mainly by using the material provided by the latter, according to the European Contract Code, the contract concluded is:

If the thing provided is mainly the result of the workmanship or other services of the manufacturer, according to the European Contract Code, the contract concluded is:

Unless the law states otherwise, according to the European Contract Code, a contract contrary to public policy or morals is:

Good Faith

SSNIP Test

Unjustified Enrichment

Party Autonomy

Relevant Product Market

Relevant Geographic Market

Dominant Position

Restriction of Competition

Choice of Law

Nullity of Contract

Rescission of Contract

Defective Product

Producer

Product (Product Liability)

Compensation for Damages (Product Liability)

Statute of Limitation (Product Liability)

Putting into Circulation

Product Liability Directive (85/374)

Consumer Guarantees Directive (1999/44)

Lack of Conformity

Remedies (Consumer Guarantees)

Seller

DCFR (Draft Common Frame of Reference)

Direct Effect

Private Enforcement

Damages Action

Cartel Agreement

Competition Law

Usage in Contracts

Confidentiality Breach Remedies

Agreement in Contracts

Reasonableness in Contracts

Intention to Be Bound

Essential Contract Elements