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EU Institutions: European Parliament and Council
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EU Institutions: European Parliament and Council

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Questions and Answers

How often are EU citizens allowed to elect the European Parliament members?

  • Every 5 years (correct)
  • Every 10 years
  • Every 2 years
  • Every 20 years
  • What is the main power of the European Parliament?

  • Executive power
  • Supervisory power
  • Budgetary power
  • Legislative power (correct)
  • Who sets the EU's overall direction and priorities?

  • The Council of the European Union
  • The European Commission
  • The European Council (correct)
  • The European Parliament
  • Who is responsible for proposing new EU laws and policies?

    <p>The European Commission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the European Court of Justice?

    <p>To ensure EU law is interpreted and applied correctly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the European Central Bank's main responsibility?

    <p>To oversee the eurozone's financial stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Court of Auditors?

    <p>To ensure EU's budget is spent correctly and efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many members are there in the European Parliament?

    <p>751</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the European Commission?

    <p>To propose laws and policies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many commissioners are there in the European Commission?

    <p>27, one from each member state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key responsibility of the European Parliament?

    <p>To legislate jointly with the Council of the European Union</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Council of the European Union?

    <p>To coordinate policies among member states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who sets the EU's overall direction and priorities?

    <p>The European Council</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Court of Justice of the European Union responsible for?

    <p>Interpreting EU law and treaties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many judges are there in the Court of Justice of the European Union?

    <p>27, one from each member state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the European Council responsible for?

    <p>Setting the EU's overall direction and priorities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern of Eurosceptics regarding the EU?

    <p>The cost of membership and its impact on trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the Single Market?

    <p>The removal of trade barriers and tariffs among member states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of the Monetary Union?

    <p>Increased economic growth and stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge of the Monetary Union?

    <p>The risk of asymmetric shocks among member states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of the Schengen Area?

    <p>Simplified travel and tourism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a concern regarding the Schengen Area?

    <p>The strain on social services and infrastructure in host countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the Schengen Area?

    <p>A common visa policy for non-EU nationals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for Euroscepticism in the UK?

    <p>Concerns over sovereignty and national identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the European Commission?

    <p>To propose and implement EU policies and laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many members does the European Parliament have?

    <p>751</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the Council of the European Union?

    <p>Government ministers from each EU member state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the European Council responsible for?

    <p>Setting the overall direction and priorities of the EU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Court of Justice of the European Union based?

    <p>Luxembourg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the Court of Justice and the General Court?

    <p>One is for appeals and the other for first instance cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the European Commission's President?

    <p>To lead the European Commission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many Commissioners are there in the European Commission?

    <p>27</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    EU Institutions

    The European Parliament

    • Directly elected by EU citizens every 5 years
    • 751 members (MEPs) from 27 member states
    • Seats allocated based on population size
    • Main powers:
      • Legislative power (co-decision with Council)
      • Budgetary power (approves EU budget)
      • Supervisory power (holds Commission accountable)

    The European Council

    • Comprises heads of state or government from 27 member states
    • Meets at least twice a year
    • Sets EU's overall direction and priorities
    • Key decisions:
      • Appoints European Commission President
      • Adopts EU's multiannual budget
      • Approves major policy changes

    The European Commission

    • Executive body of the EU
    • 27 commissioners, one from each member state
    • Responsible for:
      • Proposing new EU laws and policies
      • Enforcing EU laws and treaties
      • Managing EU's budget and programs
      • Representing EU in international organizations

    The Council of the European Union

    • Comprises ministers from 27 member states
    • Meets in different configurations (e.g., agriculture, justice)
    • Key powers:
      • Legislative power (co-decision with Parliament)
      • Approves EU's budget and policies
      • Coordinates member states' policies

    The European Court of Justice

    • Ensures EU law is interpreted and applied correctly
    • Comprises one judge from each member state
    • Key powers:
      • Interprets EU treaties and laws
      • Ensures member states comply with EU law
      • Resolves disputes between EU institutions and member states

    The European Central Bank

    • Responsible for EU's monetary policy
    • Maintains price stability and supervises financial institutions
    • Comprises governors from national central banks
    • Key powers:
      • Sets interest rates and monetary policy
      • Oversees eurozone's financial stability

    The Court of Auditors

    • Ensures EU's budget is spent correctly and efficiently
    • Comprises one member from each member state
    • Key powers:
      • Audits EU's budget and financial transactions
      • Reports on EU's financial management and accountability

    EU Institutions

    The European Parliament

    • 751 members (MEPs) directly elected by EU citizens every 5 years from 27 member states
    • Seats allocated based on population size
    • Exercises legislative power through co-decision with the Council
    • Approves EU budget and exercises supervisory power over the Commission

    The European Council

    • Comprises heads of state or government from 27 member states
    • Meets at least twice a year to set EU's overall direction and priorities
    • Appoints European Commission President and adopts EU's multiannual budget
    • Approves major policy changes and key international agreements

    The European Commission

    • Executive body of the EU with 27 commissioners, one from each member state
    • Proposes new EU laws and policies and enforces EU laws and treaties
    • Manages EU's budget and programs and represents EU in international organizations

    The Council of the European Union

    • Comprises ministers from 27 member states, meeting in different configurations
    • Exercises legislative power through co-decision with the European Parliament
    • Approves EU's budget and policies and coordinates member states' policies

    The European Court of Justice

    • Ensures EU law is interpreted and applied correctly with one judge from each member state
    • Interprets EU treaties and laws and ensures member states comply with EU law
    • Resolves disputes between EU institutions and member states

    The European Central Bank

    • Responsible for EU's monetary policy, maintaining price stability and supervising financial institutions
    • Comprises governors from national central banks, setting interest rates and monetary policy
    • Oversees eurozone's financial stability and supervises banks

    The Court of Auditors

    • Ensures EU's budget is spent correctly and efficiently with one member from each member state
    • Audits EU's budget and financial transactions, reporting on financial management and accountability

    European Institutions

    European Commission

    • Executive body of the EU, responsible for proposing legislation and policies
    • Comprises 27 commissioners, one from each member state, headed by a President (currently Ursula von der Leyen)
    • Proposes laws and policies, enforces EU laws and treaties, and manages EU budget and funding programs
    • Represents the EU internationally

    European Parliament

    • Directly elected parliamentary institution of the EU, comprising 751 members (MEPs) from 27 member states
    • Legislates jointly with the Council of the European Union, approves the EU budget, and holds the European Commission accountable
    • Elects the President of the European Commission

    Council of the European Union

    • Also known as the Council of Ministers, comprising ministers from the 27 member states
    • Legislates jointly with the European Parliament, coordinates policies among member states, and adopts laws and policies
    • Represents the EU internationally

    European Council

    • Supreme political leadership of the EU, comprising the heads of state or government of the 27 member states
    • Sets the EU's overall direction and priorities, makes key decisions on EU policies and laws, and elects the President of the European Council
    • Meets at least twice a year

    Court of Justice of the European Union

    • Highest court in the EU, comprising 27 judges, one from each member state
    • Interprets EU law and treaties, ensures uniform application of EU law, and settles disputes between EU institutions and member states
    • Reviews the legality of EU acts

    Euroscepticism

    • Opposition to the EU and its policies, especially in the UK, driven by concerns over sovereignty, national identity, economy, and EU bureaucracy
    • Concerns include the cost of membership, impact on trade, and dissatisfaction with EU decision-making processes
    • Examples of Eurosceptic parties and movements include UK Independence Party (UKIP) in the UK, National Rally (formerly National Front) in France, and Alternative for Germany (AfD) in Germany

    Single Market

    • Unified market allowing free movement of goods, services, capital, and people within the EU
    • Key features include removal of trade barriers, standardized laws, and free movement of workers, goods, and services
    • Benefits of the Single Market include increased competition, economic growth, improved consumer choice, lower prices, and simplified regulations for businesses

    Monetary Union

    • Monetary union where member states share a single currency, the Euro, with a single monetary policy set by the European Central Bank (ECB)
    • Key features include fixed exchange rates, coordination of economic policies, and a single monetary policy
    • Benefits of the Monetary Union include reduced transaction costs, increased economic integration, and simplified travel and trade among member states
    • Challenges include loss of national control over monetary policy and risk of asymmetric shocks among member states

    Schengen Area

    • Border-free zone within the EU where citizens can move freely without passport controls
    • Key features include abolition of internal border controls, common visa policy, and cooperation on law enforcement and border security
    • Benefits of the Schengen Area include increased mobility and freedom of movement for citizens, simplified travel, and economic benefits from tourism and trade
    • Challenges include concerns over security and migration, and strains on social services and infrastructure in host countries

    European Institutions

    European Commission

    • Executive body of the European Union, proposing and implementing EU policies and laws
    • Comprises 27 Commissioners, one from each EU member state, led by the President (currently Ursula von der Leyen)
    • Has the power to propose new laws, enforce existing laws, and manage the EU's budget

    European Parliament

    • Directly elected legislative body, composed of 751 MEPs representing EU citizens
    • MEPs elected by proportional representation for a five-year term
    • Has the power to amend and approve EU laws, exercising democratic oversight of the European Commission
    • Meets in Strasbourg, France, and Brussels, Belgium

    Council of the European Union

    • Main decision-making body of the European Union
    • Composed of government ministers from each EU member state, depending on the policy area
    • Has the power to adopt EU laws, either jointly with the European Parliament or on its own in certain areas
    • Often referred to as the "Council of Ministers"
    • Meets in Brussels, Belgium

    European Council

    • Highest-level political body of the European Union
    • Comprises heads of state or government of each EU member state, the President of the European Council, and the President of the European Commission
    • Sets the overall direction and priorities of the EU
    • Meets at least twice a year, usually in Brussels, Belgium
    • Often referred to as the "EU summit"

    Court of Justice of the European Union

    • Highest court in the EU, responsible for interpreting EU law and ensuring its uniform application
    • Composed of the Court of Justice and the General Court
    • Has the power to hear cases involving EU law, including disputes between EU member states and the European Commission
    • Based in Luxembourg

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    Learn about the European Parliament and Council, including their powers, composition, and roles in the EU's legislative and budgetary processes.

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