Podcast
Questions and Answers
What nucleophiles can the aziridinium ion react with?
What nucleophiles can the aziridinium ion react with?
- SH, OH, and NH groups only
- Water only
- DNA only
- Unpaired DNA and/or cell nucleophiles such as SH, OH, and NH groups (correct)
How does an aromatic nitrogen substituent R, like phenyl, stabilize the aziridinium ion?
How does an aromatic nitrogen substituent R, like phenyl, stabilize the aziridinium ion?
- By forming inactive dehalogenated diol
- By destabilizing the lone pair of electrons
- Through resonance and stabilizing the lone pair of electrons (correct)
- By increasing its reactivity
How does resonance delocalization affect the rate of intramolecular nucleophilic attack?
How does resonance delocalization affect the rate of intramolecular nucleophilic attack?
- It significantly slows the rate (correct)
- It stops the reaction completely
- It has no impact on the rate
- It accelerates the rate
What can act as nucleophiles to advance the degradative process in aqueous media?
What can act as nucleophiles to advance the degradative process in aqueous media?
How can the decomposition reactions of nitrogen mustards be inhibited?
How can the decomposition reactions of nitrogen mustards be inhibited?
Which factor helps enhance stability in aqueous solution for nitrogen mustards?
Which factor helps enhance stability in aqueous solution for nitrogen mustards?
What is a characteristic feature of Chlorambucil among aromatic nitrogen mustards?
What is a characteristic feature of Chlorambucil among aromatic nitrogen mustards?
Which phase of the cell cycle do epipodophyllotoxins have the most devastating impact on?
Which phase of the cell cycle do epipodophyllotoxins have the most devastating impact on?
What is a common mechanism of resistance to epipodophyllotoxins?
What is a common mechanism of resistance to epipodophyllotoxins?
How is a water-soluble phosphate ester analogue of etoposide administered?
How is a water-soluble phosphate ester analogue of etoposide administered?
What is the major metabolite generated by lactone hydrolysis of etoposide and teniposide?
What is the major metabolite generated by lactone hydrolysis of etoposide and teniposide?
Which enzyme catalyzes the O-demethylation of epipodophyllotoxins?
Which enzyme catalyzes the O-demethylation of epipodophyllotoxins?
What is the purpose of glucuronide or sulfate conjugation in the metabolism of epipodophyllotoxins?
What is the purpose of glucuronide or sulfate conjugation in the metabolism of epipodophyllotoxins?
What is an isoform where etoposide was found in a ternary complex according to the text?
What is an isoform where etoposide was found in a ternary complex according to the text?
How is the area that binds the glycoside moiety of epipodophyllotoxins described according to the text?
How is the area that binds the glycoside moiety of epipodophyllotoxins described according to the text?
Which protein mediates compromised carrier-mediated cellular transport of cisplatin?
Which protein mediates compromised carrier-mediated cellular transport of cisplatin?
What is one of the mechanisms of resistance to cisplatin therapy mentioned in the text?
What is one of the mechanisms of resistance to cisplatin therapy mentioned in the text?
Which proteins are responsible for cellular efflux in cisplatin-resistant tumors?
Which proteins are responsible for cellular efflux in cisplatin-resistant tumors?
What cellular process can lead to increased DNA repair and/or tolerance to cisplatin-induced DNA damage?
What cellular process can lead to increased DNA repair and/or tolerance to cisplatin-induced DNA damage?
Which repair proteins remove platinum-damaged segments from DNA in cisplatin-resistant tumors?
Which repair proteins remove platinum-damaged segments from DNA in cisplatin-resistant tumors?
What interaction reduces the number of drug-DNA adducts when amifostine is activated?
What interaction reduces the number of drug-DNA adducts when amifostine is activated?
Which mechanism contributes to acquired resistance after multiple courses of cisplatin therapy in ovarian cancer?
Which mechanism contributes to acquired resistance after multiple courses of cisplatin therapy in ovarian cancer?
What is a mechanism that leads to enhanced intracellular inactivation of cisplatin?
What is a mechanism that leads to enhanced intracellular inactivation of cisplatin?
What is the mechanism for testosterone reduction to DHT?
What is the mechanism for testosterone reduction to DHT?
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of testosterone into DHT?
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of testosterone into DHT?
What are finasteride and dutasteride known as?
What are finasteride and dutasteride known as?
Which inhibitor is a selective inhibitor of 5AR2?
Which inhibitor is a selective inhibitor of 5AR2?
What happens when 5AR2 is inhibited with finasteride or dutasteride?
What happens when 5AR2 is inhibited with finasteride or dutasteride?
What do finasteride and dutasteride have the ability to do, besides being competitive inhibitors of 5α-reductase?
What do finasteride and dutasteride have the ability to do, besides being competitive inhibitors of 5α-reductase?
What does the inhibition constant (IC50) for finasteride suggest?
What does the inhibition constant (IC50) for finasteride suggest?
How do finasteride and dutasteride mimic the pathway of testosterone reduction to 5α-dihydrotestosterone?
How do finasteride and dutasteride mimic the pathway of testosterone reduction to 5α-dihydrotestosterone?
What is the primary metabolic pathway of finasteride in the liver?
What is the primary metabolic pathway of finasteride in the liver?
What role do lipophilic groups at the 17β position play in improving the biological activity of finasteride?
What role do lipophilic groups at the 17β position play in improving the biological activity of finasteride?
How does finasteride's mechanism-based inhibition explain its potency and specificity in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia?
How does finasteride's mechanism-based inhibition explain its potency and specificity in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia?
What does dutasteride's inhibition of 5AR2 compared to 5AR1 imply?
What does dutasteride's inhibition of 5AR2 compared to 5AR1 imply?
What prevents enol tautomerization to a keto group in finasteride?
What prevents enol tautomerization to a keto group in finasteride?
What is formed when finasteride accepts a H- transfer from NADPH to the 1α-position of its A-ring?
What is formed when finasteride accepts a H- transfer from NADPH to the 1α-position of its A-ring?
