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Questions and Answers
Which literary term describes a character or mask assumed by an author?
Which literary term describes a character or mask assumed by an author?
What is the primary purpose of imagery in literature?
What is the primary purpose of imagery in literature?
Which of the following statements best defines a simile?
Which of the following statements best defines a simile?
How does a metaphor differ from a simile?
How does a metaphor differ from a simile?
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Which term is used to describe an outrageous exaggeration in literature?
Which term is used to describe an outrageous exaggeration in literature?
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What does an analogy establish between two concepts?
What does an analogy establish between two concepts?
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What is an allusion in literary terms?
What is an allusion in literary terms?
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Which of the following examples best represents an analogy?
Which of the following examples best represents an analogy?
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What literary device is used in the phrase 'deafening silence'?
What literary device is used in the phrase 'deafening silence'?
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Which of the following best defines irony?
Which of the following best defines irony?
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In the context of literature, what distinguishes poetry from prose?
In the context of literature, what distinguishes poetry from prose?
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What is the function of a rhetorical question?
What is the function of a rhetorical question?
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Which literary device contrasts two seemingly contradictory concepts, like 'sick health'?
Which literary device contrasts two seemingly contradictory concepts, like 'sick health'?
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What is alliteration?
What is alliteration?
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Which of the following is NOT an example of irony?
Which of the following is NOT an example of irony?
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Which phrase indicates the use of alliteration?
Which phrase indicates the use of alliteration?
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What key theme does David learn throughout the novel?
What key theme does David learn throughout the novel?
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Which characteristic is NOT typical of a Gothic novel?
Which characteristic is NOT typical of a Gothic novel?
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What is a primary advantage of the epistolary novel format?
What is a primary advantage of the epistolary novel format?
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Which of the following is an example of a work that is considered a detective novel?
Which of the following is an example of a work that is considered a detective novel?
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What does the detective novel primarily revolve around?
What does the detective novel primarily revolve around?
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In what way does the epistolary novel format influence readers' perception?
In what way does the epistolary novel format influence readers' perception?
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Which of the following best describes the form of drama?
Which of the following best describes the form of drama?
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What was a significant characteristic of the detective novels written by authors like Wilkie Collins?
What was a significant characteristic of the detective novels written by authors like Wilkie Collins?
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What is the typical word count range for short stories?
What is the typical word count range for short stories?
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Which of the following best defines a novella?
Which of the following best defines a novella?
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What aspect is generally true about novels compared to short stories and novellas?
What aspect is generally true about novels compared to short stories and novellas?
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What is the recommended reading time for a short story according to Edgar Allan Poe?
What is the recommended reading time for a short story according to Edgar Allan Poe?
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What is a distinguishing feature of short stories?
What is a distinguishing feature of short stories?
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How long is a typical novella in terms of pages?
How long is a typical novella in terms of pages?
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What is implied about character development in shorter fiction compared to longer works?
What is implied about character development in shorter fiction compared to longer works?
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Which statement is generally true about the plots of novellas?
Which statement is generally true about the plots of novellas?
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What is the primary characteristic of a tragedy according to Aristotle?
What is the primary characteristic of a tragedy according to Aristotle?
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Which of the following playwrights is NOT considered one of the major Greek tragedians?
Which of the following playwrights is NOT considered one of the major Greek tragedians?
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What is the main focus of Greek comedies?
What is the main focus of Greek comedies?
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Which dramatic form thrives on a portrayal of strict poetic justice?
Which dramatic form thrives on a portrayal of strict poetic justice?
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What does realism in drama primarily seek to achieve?
What does realism in drama primarily seek to achieve?
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What significant emotional response does tragedy aim to elicit from the audience?
What significant emotional response does tragedy aim to elicit from the audience?
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Which statement best describes melodrama?
Which statement best describes melodrama?
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What was a key aspect of Greek comedy's competitive nature in Athens?
What was a key aspect of Greek comedy's competitive nature in Athens?
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What is a primary characteristic of Epic Theatre?
What is a primary characteristic of Epic Theatre?
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Which main practitioner is associated with the development of Epic Theatre?
Which main practitioner is associated with the development of Epic Theatre?
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Which of the following statements best describes a feature of the Theatre of the Absurd?
Which of the following statements best describes a feature of the Theatre of the Absurd?
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What theme prominently features in works of the Theatre of the Absurd?
What theme prominently features in works of the Theatre of the Absurd?
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In the Theatre of the Absurd, how is language typically portrayed?
In the Theatre of the Absurd, how is language typically portrayed?
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Study Notes
Literary Terms and Genres
- ETl 102 is the course code.
Introduction to Literary Terms
- Persona: A character or mask assumed by an author or poet in a written work. An example is Dylan Thomas's voice in "Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night".
- Theme: The main idea or underlying meaning of a literary work, which can be stated directly or indirectly. Examples include death and defiance.
- Imagery: Words or phrases used to represent persons, objects, actions, feelings, and ideas. It uses the five senses. Examples include blazing meteors, raisins drying in the sun, and meat rotting.
Simile
- Simile: A comparison of two different things or ideas, using "like" or "as". It's an explicit comparison, unlike a metaphor. Examples: "She is as beautiful as a rose," "He was as red as a lobster".
Metaphor
- Metaphor: A hidden comparison of two unlike things, without using "like" or "as". Examples: "Ali is a lion!" (If Ali is not a literal lion in a zoo).
Analogy
- Analogy: A literary device that establishes a relationship based on similarities between two concepts or ideas. Examples: "Writing is as essential for her as breathing".
Metaphor vs. Analogy
- Metaphors: Compare object to object (e.g., "The stars were diamonds in the night sky")
- Analogies: Compare relationship to relationship (e.g., "Her writing was as essential to her as water was to fish").
Image vs. Metaphor vs. Symbol
- Image: Shows what it is (e.g., "A shaggy brown dog was rubbing his back against a white picket fence").
- Metaphor: Means something other than what it is (e.g., "Some dirty dog stole my wallet at the party").
- Symbol: Means what it is and something more (e.g., "You can't teach an old dog new tricks").
Hyperbole
- Hyperbole: A deliberate, extravagant, and often outrageous exaggeration. Example: "I've told you a million times!"
Allusion
- Allusion: An indirect reference to a person, place, event, or artistic work, assuming familiarity on the reader's part. Example: "Then I was back in it. The War was on...and it was still the fifth of February, 1918." (alluding to WWI).
Oxymoron
- Oxymoron: A figure of speech where two seemingly opposing or contradictory elements are juxtaposed. Examples: "open secret," "deafening silence," "Act naturally!"
Alliteration
- Alliteration: The practice of beginning several consecutive or neighboring words with the same sound. Example: "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers."
Rhetorical Question
- Rhetorical Question: A question asked to make a point, create a mood, or convey an idea rather than to elicit an answer. Example: "Are you really gonna eat that dish?! Really?! It is greasy and unhealthy for you!"
Poetry
- Poetry: A form of literary art using aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meaning in addition to ordinary intended meaning.
- Prose vs Poetry: Poetry uses lines instead of sentences.
Lyric Poetry
- Lyric Poetry: A comparatively short, non-narrative poem where a single speaker expresses a state of mind or emotional state. Example: The excerpt from a poem by Shelley to the west wind
Narrative Poetry
- Narrative Poetry: A verse that describes a series of connected events. It's narrated by a voice/narrator. Example: Milton's Paradise Lost
Types of Prose Fiction
- Short Story: 2000-6000 words, one main conflict (conflict might have multiple aspects). Examples are those penned by Edgar Allan Poe.
- Novella: 50-150 pages; a single event/situation, often leading to a point of suspense and unexpected outcome.
- Novel: Varies greatly in length (60,000-200,000 words). More characters, plots, complex themes and character development are possible. More freedom to work with plot and characters and develop subplots.
Types of Novel
- The Picaresque Novel: 16th-century Spain. A rogue wanderer/bandit tells about their exploits and adventures. First person account, frequently autobiographical. Example: The Unfortunate Traveller
- Bildungsroman: Novel of education/development. A single individual's personal development, usually in youth. Focusing on psychological/moral growth, often starting in youth and going to adulthood. Example: David Copperfield by Charles Dickens.
- Gothic Novel: Dark, ghostly, filled with madness, outrage, superstition. Example: Frankenstein by Mary Shelley.
- Epistolary Novel: A novel told through letters written by one or more characters. View of character is subjective. Subjective points of views make it a forerunner of the modern psychological novel. Example Samuel Richardson's Pamela.
- Detective Novel/Mystery/Thriller: Focuses on crimes/mysteries which are solved logically or through a puzzle-like approach, frequently featuring a detective or investigator. Example: Edgar Allan Poe's unfinished Edwin Drood and others by Wilkie Collin.
Drama
- Drama: A work intended for stage performance by actors. Actors take on roles, perform dialogue, actions. Common name: play
Greek Tragedy and Comedy
- Tragedy: A drama depicting the downfall of a good person by error/misjudgment leading to suffering/insight for the protagonist and arousing pity/fear for the audience. Major Greek tragedians: Aeschylus, Euripides, Sophocles.
- Greek Comedy: Competitive in the Lenaea winter festival (Athens). It fused earlier traditions of popular entertainment (mime, rites to Dionysus).
The Theatre of the Absurd
- The Theatre of the Absurd: Features an absence of plot, insignificant actions, vagueness in elements (time, place, characters), reduced/contradictory language, pauses, silences, mimicking, farcical situations, incoherent dialogue, and themes of alienation/human life cruelty, meaninglessness. Example: "Waiting for Godot" by Samuel Beckett
Additional
- Melodrama: Utilizing music extensively; portrayal of a protagonist and antagonist. Evil punished; good rewarded.
- Realist Drama: 19th-century theatrical movement, seeking to portray real life on stage with Stanislavsky as a key part.
- Epic Theatre: Didactic drama with loosely connected scenes, interrupts storyline to analyze/argue/document to the audience directly
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Test your knowledge of key literary terms and genres covered in ETL 102. This quiz includes definitions, examples of persona, theme, imagery, similes, and metaphors. Dive deep into the language of literature and enhance your understanding!
