Ethics Quiz on Utilitarianism

Who is credited with introducing the core principles of Utilitarianism?

Utilitarianism argues that morality is solely based on following divine commands or rigid laws.

What is the central goal of Utilitarianism?

The idea of acting to maximize happiness, even if it means breaking traditional rules, is a hallmark of ______.

In the context of Utilitarianism, what does 'Ultraism' represent?

Match the following concepts to their descriptions.

Utilitarianism encourages individuals to always act for their own personal happiness, regardless of the consequences for others.

How can Utilitarianism influence ethical decisions regarding real-world issues like euthanasia?

Which of the following is NOT a key argument against Ethical Egoism?

The argument that Ethical Egoism endorses wickedness assumes that Ethical Egoism aligns with non-egoistic views of morality.

What is the logical contradiction presented in the argument against Ethical Egoism's consistency?

The argument that Ethical Egoism is unacceptably arbitrary questions why one's own interests are considered more ______ than those of others.

Match the following arguments against Ethical Egoism with their key concerns:

According to Kurt Baier's argument, which of the following is a crucial assumption that might make Ethical Egoism logically consistent?

Ethical Egoism claims that it is always morally wrong to act in a way that is not in one's self-interest.

What is the main concern of the argument that Ethical Egoism is unacceptably arbitrary?

What is the core idea of Ethical Egoism?

The "Argument That Altruism Is Self-Defeating" suggests that helping others can lead to negative outcomes.

What is a key idea presented in the "Argument That Altruism Is Self-Defeating" regarding understanding others?

According to Ayn Rand, altruism is morally and ______ destructive.

Match the arguments for Ethical Egoism with their main ideas:

Ethical Egoism promotes sacrificing one's own interests for the benefit of others.

What is one potential criticism of the "Argument That Altruism Is Self-Defeating"?

Which of the following arguments is presented as a reason why people might not help those suffering from malnutrition?

According to Ayn Rand, what does altruism teach?

Ethical Egoism asserts that it is morally acceptable to focus on one's self-interest.

What is the main difference between Psychological Egoism and Ethical Egoism?

The argument for Psychological Egoism suggests that people always act based on what they ______.

Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptions:

What is a potential consequence of the truth of Psychological Egoism?

The Catholic Church's stance on abortion has remained consistent throughout history.

What example does the text use to illustrate the idea that people may interpret religious texts to support preconceived opinions?

What is the primary difference between classical Hedonism and modern utilitarianism?

Utilitarianism suggests that actions are morally right if they lead to the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people, regardless of other ethical considerations.

What is one major criticism of utilitarianism in relation to justice?

In the example of the police officers distributing indecent photographs, utilitarianism could deem their actions morally acceptable if their pleasure from the act outweighs the ______ caused to the woman.

Match the following examples with their corresponding ethical concerns regarding utilitarianism.

What is the 'tyranny of the majority' as it applies to utilitarianism?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the concept of 'intrinsic goods' as used in the context of utilitarianism?

Modern utilitarianism has largely abandoned the idea of hedonism and instead focuses on satisfying individual preferences as the primary measure of good.

According to David Gauthier, 'bargaining our way into morality' refers to the process of establishing social rules for mutual benefit.

The Prisoner's Dilemma demonstrates the need for ______ and mutual respect to avoid a situation where everyone is worse off due to selfish behavior.

Which of these statements accurately reflects the Social Contract Theory?

According to the Social Contract Theory, why are rules against murder, theft, and lying morally binding?

Which of the following is NOT a key point of the Social Contract Theory?

Match the following moral dilemmas with their corresponding explanations from the Social Contract Theory.

Describe how the Social Contract Theory justifies punishing criminals.

The Social Contract Theory suggests that morality can never demand more than treating others' interests equally to our own.