Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the central processing unit (CPU)?
Which of the following devices is classified as an input device?
What does RAM stand for and what is its main purpose?
Which of the following components is part of the system unit?
Signup and view all the answers
In what way do computers contribute to modern business?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement about ROM is true?
Signup and view all the answers
How have computers transformed communication?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is an example of an output device?
Signup and view all the answers
What distinguishes virtues from vices?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of a data warehouse?
Signup and view all the answers
How are morals different from ethics?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following was the first electronic general-purpose computer?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of system software?
Signup and view all the answers
What significant advancement characterized the transition from the first generation to the second generation of computers?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is recognized as the first computer programmer?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes the role of telecommunications?
Signup and view all the answers
During which generation of computers did the integrated circuit become a significant development?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement about software is incorrect?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key characteristic of integrity in ethical behavior?
Signup and view all the answers
Which machine was the first portable computer to be released?
Signup and view all the answers
What was a key feature introduced during the fourth generation of computers?
Signup and view all the answers
What best describes the components of hardware in digital technology?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the main limitation of the Pascaline calculator?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement accurately reflects the relationship between science and ethics?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of computers in weather forecasting?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of network is characterized by connecting devices over short distances and is usually owned by an individual or corporation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the key differences between a WAN and a LAN?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements is true about a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)?
Signup and view all the answers
Which device is primarily considered part of a Personal Area Network (PAN)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the typical data rate range for a Wide Area Network (WAN)?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of computer is defined as a high-performance machine used for engineering applications?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes a smartphone?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Ethics of IT
- Morality involves widely shared social conventions regarding right and wrong, forming a consensus.
- Virtue refers to habits promoting acceptable behavior, while vice promotes unacceptable behavior.
- Integrity entails following a personal set of principles and treating others with expected respect and consideration.
- Personal beliefs on right and wrong are termed morals, while ethics are the behavior standards expected by a group.
- Law comprises rules governing permissible actions, enforced by institutions like police and courts.
- Science involves systematic investigation of the natural world through observations and experiments, facilitating discovery and understanding.
Components of ICT
- Software includes operating systems and utilities enabling computer functions, consisting of instructions stored for execution by hardware.
- Application software performs tasks for users, while system software supports hardware and applications.
- The operating system coordinates system components to complete user tasks.
- Hardware consists of physical components like monitors, keyboards, and printers that can be physically interacted with.
- Telecommunications involves electronic information transmission over long distances.
- Databases store structured data, while data warehouses centralize data from multiple sources for deeper analysis.
History of Computers
- A computer is a programmable machine that stores, retrieves, and processes data.
- Significant historical tools include the abacus for calculations, Napier’s Bones for mathematical tasks, and the Pascaline limited to addition and subtraction.
- Important milestones include the ENIAC, the first electronic general-purpose computer, and the UNIVAC 1, the first business computer.
- The Osborne 1 marked the release of the first portable computer in 1981.
- Augusta Ada Byron is noted as the first computer programmer, suggesting Babbage use the binary system.
Generations of Computers
- First Generation: Large computers occupied entire rooms, using punched cards and printouts for input/output.
- Second Generation: Introduction of transistors made computers smaller, faster, and more reliable.
- Third Generation: Development of integrated circuits further miniaturized computers while reducing costs.
- Fourth Generation: Enhancements in graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and the introduction of the mouse as an input device were notable.
Parts of a Computer
- Processing Unit: The CPU, the computer's "brain," processes data and temporarily stores results in RAM.
- Input Devices: Equipment like keyboards and mice allow users to send information to the computer.
- Output Devices: Devices like monitors, printers, and speakers provide feedback to users.
- Storage Units: Includes floppy disks, hard disks, CD-ROMs, and memory sticks for permanent data storage.
Applications in Daily Life
- Business: Computers are essential for operational efficiency and management.
- Education: Facilitate learning through multimedia content and remote education.
- Arts and Entertainment: Integral tools in artistic creation and media production.
- Communication: Transform real-time global communication via platforms like Skype.
- Travel Planning: Aid in organizing travel arrangements including tickets and accommodations.
- Weather Forecasting: Utilize processing power for accurate meteorological predictions.
Principles of Networking
- Networking delivers messages from source to destination, with communication adding meaning to these messages.
- Network types include:
- Local Area Network (LAN): Short-distance connections, typically 10-100 Mbps, often owned by individuals or businesses.
- Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Connects computers over specific geographical areas with slower speeds (5-10 Mbps).
- Wide Area Network (WAN): Covers large distances, connecting multiple LANs under distributed management; speeds of 256 Kbps-2 Mbps.
- Personal Area Network (PAN): Short-range networks for personal devices within 10 meters.
Computer Types
- Workstation: Powerful computer for tasks like CAD/CAM and software development requiring high-quality graphics.
- Desktop: A personal computer typically used on a table.
- Smartphone: A handheld device providing cellular and internet connectivity.
- Laptop: Portable computer suitable for various environments, allowing mobility and convenience.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz explores the moral foundations of information technology, focusing on concepts such as virtue, vice, and integrity. It examines how social conventions shape ethical behavior in IT and encourages reflection on personal principles. Test your understanding of ethical practices in the tech world.
