Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does research ethics encompass?
What does research ethics encompass?
- Reporting research findings only
- Treating research participants as objects
- Protection of human participants and animals during research (correct)
- Planning and conducting research only
What is the main learning objective of Good Research Practice (GRP)?
What is the main learning objective of Good Research Practice (GRP)?
- To describe how confidentiality of personal data can be assured in research
- To understand different types of research approval necessary for work involving human participants (correct)
- To conduct research experiments without ethical considerations
- To explain the principles of informed consent
What is meant by 'informed consent' in research?
What is meant by 'informed consent' in research?
- Participants are kept unaware of the research purpose
- Participants are coerced into participating in the research
- Participants are fully aware and agree to participate in the research (correct)
- Participants' consent is not necessary for the research
Which unethical experiment involved deliberately infecting patients without their consent to prove the cause of leprosy?
Which unethical experiment involved deliberately infecting patients without their consent to prove the cause of leprosy?
What was the unethical action in the US Public Health Service's experiment in 1932?
What was the unethical action in the US Public Health Service's experiment in 1932?
What does ethics require in relation to research participants?
What does ethics require in relation to research participants?
Who was the first to propose ethical guidelines for medical research?
Who was the first to propose ethical guidelines for medical research?
In which year did President Clinton apologize for the Tuskegee Syphilis Studies?
In which year did President Clinton apologize for the Tuskegee Syphilis Studies?
What is the emphasis of the Nuremberg Code?
What is the emphasis of the Nuremberg Code?
What was the focus of the Canadian Study funded by the CIA in the 1960s?
What was the focus of the Canadian Study funded by the CIA in the 1960s?
Who is considered the founder of experimental medicine and believed in ethical conduct of experimentation?
Who is considered the founder of experimental medicine and believed in ethical conduct of experimentation?
What are the key ethical principles in research mentioned in the text?
What are the key ethical principles in research mentioned in the text?
What is the primary purpose of informed consent in research?
What is the primary purpose of informed consent in research?
What do comprehensive guidelines for research practice include?
What do comprehensive guidelines for research practice include?
What does research governance aim to ensure?
What does research governance aim to ensure?
What is the role of National Research Authority in NHS since 2015?
What is the role of National Research Authority in NHS since 2015?
What does the main role of the Research Ethics Committees (RECs) entail?
What does the main role of the Research Ethics Committees (RECs) entail?
What are the two main types of RECs mentioned in the text?
What are the two main types of RECs mentioned in the text?
Who is required to submit full applications for studies involving human subjects?
Who is required to submit full applications for studies involving human subjects?
What aspects does the REC consider when assessing research applications?
What aspects does the REC consider when assessing research applications?
What is required by MSOP procedures for research projects?
What is required by MSOP procedures for research projects?
Who is responsible for familiarizing themselves with approved processes, submitting contracts, and acting ethically in research projects?
Who is responsible for familiarizing themselves with approved processes, submitting contracts, and acting ethically in research projects?
In Case Study 1, what ethical issue does Researcher Tom potentially compromise?
In Case Study 1, what ethical issue does Researcher Tom potentially compromise?
What issue arises in Case Study 2 that indicates a need for clearer communication?
What issue arises in Case Study 2 that indicates a need for clearer communication?
In Case Study 3, what issue raises questions about the benefits and potential risks of the clinical trial?
In Case Study 3, what issue raises questions about the benefits and potential risks of the clinical trial?
In Case Study 4, what concern does the investigator raise when wishing to perform additional analysis on archived tissue samples without explicit consent from original participants?
In Case Study 4, what concern does the investigator raise when wishing to perform additional analysis on archived tissue samples without explicit consent from original participants?
What ethical standards apply to all researchers according to the text?
What ethical standards apply to all researchers according to the text?
What is required from students and staff involved in research projects according to the text?
What is required from students and staff involved in research projects according to the text?
Study Notes
- Research ethics committees (RECs) review applications for research projects involving human subjects and NHS patients.
- Two main types of RECs: NHS-NRES and University-based (e.g., FacultyREC, MSOPREC).
- RECs consider applications for studies relating to human subjects not selected by virtue of NHS services.
- General public, students, and staff require full applications for studies involving human subjects.
- RECs assess if the research is needed, has a clear question, is well-designed, and outlines methods for subject recruitment, informed consent, and work conduct.
- MSOP procedures require project supervisors to submit project details.
- Ethical standards apply to all researchers, including honesty and avoiding fraudulent behavior.
- Students are responsible for familiarizing themselves with approved processes, submitting contracts, and acting ethically.
- Case study 1: Researcher Tom decides to extrapolate results from 45 mice instead of completing tests on the remaining 5, potentially compromising ethical research standards.
- Case study 2: Elderly Alzheimer's patient Mrs. MJ forgets about participating in a clinical trial, indicating a need for clearer communication and potential follow-up.
- Case study 3: Pharmacist in charge of a clinical trial discovers three times as many participants in the experimental group experienced severe side effects, raising questions about the benefits and potential risks.
- Case study 4: Investigator wishes to perform additional analysis on archived tissue samples without explicit consent from original participants, raising concerns about informed consent and data security.
- Familiarize yourself with principles of good research practice, different types of research approval, and informed consent, confidentiality, and security of personal data in research.
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Description
Explore the principles of Good Research Practice, types of research approval required for work involving human participants, informed consent, and ensuring confidentiality and security of personal data in research.
