Ethical Principles in Healthcare

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary concern regarding Esther Korn's living situation?

  • Her desire to move to a different city.
  • The need for her safety in a supervised setting. (correct)
  • The financial implications of her care.
  • The disagreement among the nurses about her care.

Which perspective is NOT represented in the group exercise about Esther Korn?

  • The perspective of her neighbor, Anna.
  • The perspective of Esther's long-lost sister.
  • The perspective of the episcopal priest.
  • The perspective of a healthcare administrator. (correct)

Which action is suggested as part of improving the relationship between healthcare professionals and Esther?

  • Engaging in conversations that respect her preferences. (correct)
  • Ignoring her previous wishes to focus on her safety.
  • Making decisions without her input to expedite care.
  • Prioritizing the opinions of the nurses over her own.

What aspect of teamwork is emphasized when reaching a consensus in Esther's case?

<p>Identifying the basic ethics of teammates. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary responsibility of ethicists in healthcare?

<p>To analyze issues and clarify values (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which role does Anna Knight play in relation to Esther Korn?

<p>Esther's neighbor and confidante. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized as essential in delivering difficult news to patients?

<p>Considering future interactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a caring response in a professional-patient relationship?

<p>Protecting and being concerned for the patient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the principles of inherent dignity of human life and deep respect for all life demand?

<p>A holistic examination of each unique situation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are ethics committees important in healthcare?

<p>They conduct holistic examinations of ethical dilemmas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT typically involved in the work of ethicists in healthcare?

<p>Performing medical procedures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'caring response' imply in the context of healthcare?

<p>An ethical goal that honors patient dignity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary loyalty of healthcare professionals?

<p>To the patient's well-being (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of patient-centered care?

<p>Prioritizing patient values and well-being (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle relates to not harming oneself or others?

<p>Nonmaleficence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is personal integrity important in the caregiving profession?

<p>It helps maintain a sense of personal integrity through values. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does beneficence entail in the context of caregiving?

<p>Bringing about good for others (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a burden associated with caregiving?

<p>Having negative feelings about caregiving (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of the caregiver/patient relationship, according to the content?

<p>Health professionals hold all the power. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does patient-centered care transform clinical decisions?

<p>By ensuring care practices align with patient preferences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the benefits of caregiving for clinicians?

<p>It provides them with a sense of respect in society. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the principle of fidelity in healthcare ethics?

<p>Being respectful and following the wishes of the patient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes autonomy in a healthcare context?

<p>The patient has the capacity to make their own decisions regarding treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of veracity in patient care?

<p>Always tell the truth to the patient, even if it causes discomfort (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of justice entail in healthcare ethics?

<p>Distributing medical resources according to need (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the case of Esther Korn, which ethical principle might justify decision-making in her best interest if she lacks capacity?

<p>Paternalism, making decisions on her behalf (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might healthcare professionals be concerned about Ms. Korn's living conditions at home?

<p>Her home environment is linked to poor health outcomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the potential for Ms. Korn to change her mind regarding treatment signify in ethical terms?

<p>The importance of respecting patient autonomy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What implication does Ms. Korn's confusion about her whereabouts have for her autonomy?

<p>It indicates a temporary loss of her decision-making capacity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ethics

A systematic process of thinking about and analyzing morality. It used to be primarily a part of philosophy and theology, but now other disciplines are involved.

Ethicists

Primary career activity revolves around ethics. They analyze ethical issues in specific situations, clarify values and ethical duties, and help resolve ethical dilemmas.

Ethics Committees

A group of professionals from various disciplines (nurses, chaplains, etc.) who analyze complex ethical dilemmas involving patients or their families. They provide a holistic perspective.

Dignity and Respect

This refers to treating people with respect and recognizing their inherent worth as human beings. It means understanding and being sensitive to their needs and values.

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Caring Response

The ethical goal of all professional-patient relationships. It involves understanding and responding to the patient's needs with compassion and sensitivity.

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Delivering Bad News

Providing information in a way that is sensitive to the patient's emotional state and the potential impact of the news.

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Ethical Action

It's the act of carefully reflecting on moral issues and then acting in alignment with those reflections.

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Health

The state of being healthy both physically and mentally. It implies freedom from disease or illness.

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Autonomy

The patient's right to make their own decisions about their healthcare, even if those decisions differ from what healthcare providers might recommend.

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Veracity

The duty to tell the truth to patients, even if the truth is difficult to hear.

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Justice

The ethical principle that aims to fairly distribute benefits and burdens among individuals or groups.

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Paternalism

Making decisions for someone else, without their consent, because you believe it is in their best interest.

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Fidelity

Respecting and upholding the patient's wishes, even if those wishes differ from your own.

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Advanced Directives

A written document that outlines a patient's wishes for future medical care, in case they are unable to make decisions for themselves.

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Capacity

The ability of a person to understand and make informed decisions about their own health.

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Doing your job

The obligation to act in a way that is consistent with your professional role and the needs of your patients.

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Patient-Centered Care

A model of care that puts the patient's needs, preferences, and values at the center of all decisions, ensuring their well-being is prioritized.

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Nonmaleficence

The act of not causing harm to oneself or another. A core principle in healthcare ethics guiding professionals to avoid actions that could potentially injure their patients.

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Beneficence

The act of doing good or bringing benefit to others. It is a core principle in healthcare ethics that encourages professionals to take actions that promote their patients' well-being.

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Burden of Care

The challenges and emotional toll associated with caring for others. This can include physical, emotional, and mental strain, as well as feelings of exhaustion and frustration.

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Benefits of Care

The positive outcomes and personal fulfillment that come from being a caregiver. This can include a sense of purpose, accomplishment, and connection to your community.

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Caregiver Power Imbalance

The caregiver-patient relationship is complex, with the caregiver often holding more power due to specialized knowledge and expertise. It's critical to uphold ethical principles and recognize patients as individuals with dignity and autonomy.

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Personal Integrity

Personal values and beliefs are essential for maintaining a sense of personal integrity, especially when facing ethical challenges in healthcare. It's important to be aware of your own values and how they influence your actions.

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Communication Tools

An essential component of patient-centered care. This involves using various communication strategies to ensure clear and effective interactions with patients.

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Ethical Action in Healthcare

A healthcare professional's commitment to carefully consider the moral implications of their actions and then behave in accordance with those reflections.

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Ethics Committee Role

A group of healthcare professionals from different disciplines who come together to analyze complex ethical dilemmas involving patients, their families, or staff.

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Autonomy in Healthcare

The ability to act in accordance with one's own values and beliefs, without undue external influence.

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Justice in Healthcare

The principle of fairness and impartiality in treatment and resource allocation.

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Study Notes

Ethical Principles and Problems

  • Healthcare relationships are important and require careful communication, especially when delivering sensitive news.
  • Ethics is a systematic reflection and analysis of morality.
  • Philosophy and theology originally developed ethical analysis.
  • Other disciplines now contribute to ethical frameworks.
  • Inherent human dignity and respect for all life and the environment are core ethical principles.
  • Care is crucial for professional-patient relationships and includes protecting, concerning oneself, and looking out for the patient.

Ethical Principles

  • Primary ethical activity revolves around analyzing issues, clarifying values and duties, and resolving situations.
  • Ethics committees examine patient/family situations with ethical dilemmas (e.g., involving nurses, chaplains, physicians, social workers, and lawyers).
  • Alternative ideas are considered, using debate and critical analysis to discover effective solutions.

Caring Response

  • Health is defined as soundness of body and mind free of disease/ailment.
  • Care means to be concerned, protective and attentive.
  • Patient dignity is central to ethical professional-patient interactions.
  • A professional's primary loyalty is to the patient's well-being.

Patient-Centered Care

  • "Patient-centered care" emphasizes focusing on patient values and well-being.
  • Patient preferences and needs guide healthcare decision-making.
  • Collaboration between patients, families, and healthcare professionals for patient-centered care is essential.

Burdens and Benefits of Care

  • Caregiving can involve emotional challenges (negative feelings) but doesn't exclude someone from the role.
  • Caregiving is a valuable contribution to society's well-being recognized and essential for society.
  • Caregiving allows individuals to participate in valued societal activities.

Primum Non Nocere

  • Not harming versus acting to benefit others are considered separate ethical duties.
  • Important to consider relationship power dynamics between health professionals and patients to ensure care is provided properly and ethically.
  • Patients, are not inherently looking forward to becoming patients needing care..

Personal Integrity

  • Personal values systems are fundamental resources for maintaining personal integrity.

Ethical Principles List

  • Nonmaleficence: Avoiding causing harm to oneself or others.
  • Beneficence: Actively intending to benefit another.
  • Fidelity: Loyalty and respect for another's wishes.
  • Autonomy: Patient's/individual's rights to make decisions.
  • Veracity: Truth telling.
  • Justice: Fair distribution of resources.
  • Paternalism: Acting in another's best interest despite their wishes.

The Case of Esther Korn

  • A case study involving an elderly woman with medical/mental health concerns requires ethical consideration.
  • Issues surrounding placement, treatment, and family involvement complicate the care situation.
  • Strong opinions exist concerning the best course of action.

Questions

  • Did discussing cases change perspectives on necessary actions?
  • What actions highlight care in patient relationships?
  • Compare discussions with initial thoughts regarding the patient.

When Working in Teams

  • Collaboration requires identifying team member ethics and potentially adjusting ideas.
  • Reaching consensus requires respect for differing perspectives.
  • Consent and proper consideration of moral values are crucial for team decision making.

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