Ethical Issues in Healthcare

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What is the primary role of an Ethics committee in a healthcare setting?

To provide medical treatment to patients
To make decisions on behalf of patients and families
To conduct research on bioethical issues
To develop and review health policies and guidelines regarding ethical issues (correct)

What is the term for the branch of applied ethics related to moral conduct in life and death issues?

Bioethics (correct)
Biotechnology
Bioengineering
Biomedicine

What is a significant bioethical issue in organ transplantation?

In-vitro fertilization
Genetic engineering
Cloning
Rationing of organs (correct)

What is the main concern in 'Playing God' in organ transplantation?

The removal of human body parts from one person and placing them into another (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is organ transplantation a significant bioethical issue?

It is a highly expensive medical procedure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an Ethics committee reviewing cases of hospitalization and treatment?

To examine issues when hospitalization and treatment need to be discontinued (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the term 'bio' in bioethics?

It means 'life' (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated cost of a liver transplant in Malaysia?

RM 350,000 or more (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Hippocratic Oath?

To remind students of the importance of medicine (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the development of modern codes of ethics in healthcare?

As a direct response to atrocities during war time (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ethics committees in healthcare organizations?

To examine ethical issues related to patient care (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of medical etiquette in healthcare?

It is a set of values that guide healthcare professionals' behavior (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of bioethical issues in healthcare?

Examining ethical dilemmas in patient care (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ethics committees in hospitals?

To examine ethical issues related to patient care (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Hippocratic Oath in medical ethics?

It is a reminder of the importance of medicine and ethics (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between ethics and medicine?

Ethics is an essential part of medical practice (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of healthcare?

To relieve pain and suffering, restore body function and health, and prevent disability and death (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is required for therapeutic research involving human subjects?

Informed consent from the patient, including awareness of all risks involved (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the randomized double-blind clinical trial considered the preferred method of demonstrating therapeutic effectiveness and safety?

It eliminates the potential for bias and ensures that the results are due to the treatment being studied (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential conflict of interest in medical research?

A researcher's interest in the pharmaceutical company funding the research (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a consideration for healthcare professionals who may have personal or religious objections to certain procedures?

They may have personnel, religious, or ethical reasons for not wishing to be involved in the procedure (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental ethical problem in randomized clinical trials?

The potential for harm to the patients participating in the trial (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern in the case of Chinese doctors jailed for illegal organ harvesting?

The lack of informed consent from the patients involved (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration in the use of human subjects for testing purposes?

The need for consent from the patients involved (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason behind the national organ transplant law of 1984?

To prevent the exploitation of the poor who may be tempted to sell their organs for financial gain (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the Social Utility Method of organ allocation?

To give organs to patients who benefit the most and have the best chance of survival (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which organization is responsible for allocating organs for transplantations in the USA?

United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) allocation system?

Medical utility and need (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern behind the objection to selling organs?

It may exploit the poor who are tempted to sell their organs for financial gain (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the combination approach used in allocating organs?

Basic medical suitability and first come first served basis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern in determining the allocation of organs using the Social Utility Method?

To allocate organs to patients who benefit the most and have the best chance of survival (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative method of allocating organs besides the Social Utility Method?

Seniority-first come first served basis (B) Signup and view all the answers