Ethical Hacking Phases and Techniques

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Questions and Answers

What are the six phases of ethical hacking?

Scanning, gaining access, maintaining access, compiling reports, tracking
Researching, scanning, hacking, tracking, reporting
Reconnaissance, scanning, gaining access, maintaining access, clearing tracks, reporting (correct)
Gathering information, hacking, cracking, reporting, maintaining access

What is the main aim of ethical hackers?

To conduct cyber attacks
To identify vulnerabilities in systems (correct)
To sell vulnerabilities to black hat hackers
To create vulnerabilities in systems

What is the purpose of reconnaissance in ethical hacking?

Launching cyber attacks on the target system
Creating fake data about the target system
Encrypting data on the target system
Gathering information about the target system (correct)

What does foot printing involve in ethical hacking?

Collecting information like domain names and IP addresses (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of fingerprinting in ethical hacking?

Determining the operating system of a target computer (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which tools are commonly used in ethical hacking for reconnaissance and scanning?

Nmap and Metasploit (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the final phase in the ethical hacking process?

Reporting (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hackers are also known as 'crackers'?

Black hat hackers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates ethical hackers from black hat hackers?

Ethical hackers work with permission to improve security. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of ethical hacking?

To enhance security and protect against malicious attacks (B) Signup and view all the answers

In ethical hacking, what does the reconnaissance phase primarily involve?

Gathering information about the target system (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of fingerprinting in ethical hacking?

Identifying the operating system of a target computer (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hacker is known for carrying out unauthorized activities on systems for personal gain?

Black hat hackers (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main purposes of foot printing in ethical hacking?

Collecting information like domain names and IP addresses (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is commonly used for information gathering in the reconnaissance phase of ethical hacking?

Nmap (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key responsibility of ethical hackers after completing the various phases of hacking?

Clearing tracks to hide their activities (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes grey hat hackers from other types of hackers?

They operate in a legal gray area. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why do ethical hackers use tools like Metasploit in their work?

To simulate attacks and test system defenses. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of ethical hackers when using tools like Nmap and Metasploit during the reconnaissance phase?

To identify vulnerabilities in systems (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods is NOT part of the reconnaissance phase in ethical hacking?

Gaining access (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of information is typically collected during foot printing in ethical hacking?

Network configurations (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is reconnaissance considered a crucial phase in the ethical hacking process?

To gather essential information about the target system (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used by ethical hackers to determine the operating system of a target computer?

Fingerprinting through sniffer traces (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the activities of grey hat hackers in comparison to other types of hackers?

They are involved in both ethical and unethical activities (C) Signup and view all the answers

In ethical hacking, what is the primary purpose of maintaining access during the hacking process?

To ensure continuous access after initial entry (C) Signup and view all the answers

What role does reporting play in the ethical hacking process?

To share findings, tools used, vulnerabilities found, and exploit processes (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for ethical hackers to clear tracks after gaining access to a system?

To ensure that their activities remain undetected (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hacking originated in the early 1960s at MIT, evolving into a discipline with ethical hacking being a legal form of hacking done with permission.
Different types of hackers include white hat hackers (ethical hackers), black hat hackers (crackers), grey hat hackers, and suicide hackers/hacktivists.
Ethical hacking consists of six phases: reconnaissance, scanning, gaining access, maintaining access, clearing tracks, and reporting.
Reconnaissance involves gathering information about the target system through active and passive methods like foot printing and after foot printing.
Foot printing involves collecting information like domain names, IP addresses, employee details, and network configurations to understand the target system.
Fingerprinting in ethical hacking determines the operating system of a target computer through active (crafting packets) and passive (sniffer traces) methods.
Tools like Nmap and Metasploit are commonly used in ethical hacking for reconnaissance, scanning, and gaining access phases.
Ethical hackers aim to identify vulnerabilities in systems to enhance security and protect against malicious attacks.
The ethical hacking process includes compiling a report with findings, tools used, success rate, vulnerabilities found, and exploit processes.
Detailed examples of how reconnaissance is conducted, including obtaining domain information, IP addresses, network mapping, and using tools like Nmap for information gathering.

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