Podcast
Questions and Answers
An ethical hacker's primary goal is to:
An ethical hacker's primary goal is to:
- Use any means necessary, regardless of legality, to penetrate a system.
- Develop new hacking tools for public use.
- Exploit vulnerabilities for personal financial gain.
- Mimic a malicious attacker to proactively identify security weaknesses. (correct)
Which threat actor is MOST likely to utilize zero-day exploits and advanced persistent threat (APT) techniques?
Which threat actor is MOST likely to utilize zero-day exploits and advanced persistent threat (APT) techniques?
- Organized crime syndicate focused on ransomware attacks for immediate profit.
- State-sponsored attacker aiming to steal intellectual property or disrupt critical infrastructure. (correct)
- A hacktivist group seeking to deface a government website.
- Disgruntled employee attempting to escalate privileges on a local server.
A group claims responsibility for leaking sensitive corporate emails in response to a company's controversial environmental policy. This is MOST characteristic of:
A group claims responsibility for leaking sensitive corporate emails in response to a company's controversial environmental policy. This is MOST characteristic of:
- Organized crime.
- An insider threat.
- Hacktivism. (correct)
- State-sponsored espionage.
Which of the following BEST exemplifies a state-sponsored cyberattack?
Which of the following BEST exemplifies a state-sponsored cyberattack?
An employee uses their authorized access to a company database to steal customer information and sell it on the dark web. This scenario BEST describes:
An employee uses their authorized access to a company database to steal customer information and sell it on the dark web. This scenario BEST describes:
An application-based penetration test is designed to identify:
An application-based penetration test is designed to identify:
When performing a network infrastructure penetration test, which two assets are MOST critical to evaluate?
When performing a network infrastructure penetration test, which two assets are MOST critical to evaluate?
During an application-based penetration test focusing on a web application, what is the PRIMARY reason to also assess access controls to back-end databases?
During an application-based penetration test focusing on a web application, what is the PRIMARY reason to also assess access controls to back-end databases?
What is the PRIMARY motivation for companies to implement bug bounty programs?
What is the PRIMARY motivation for companies to implement bug bounty programs?
In a partially known environment penetration test, which of the following is MOST likely?
In a partially known environment penetration test, which of the following is MOST likely?
What is the defining characteristic of a known environment penetration test?
What is the defining characteristic of a known environment penetration test?
A penetration test where the tester receives only domain names and IP addresses of the target organization is BEST described as:
A penetration test where the tester receives only domain names and IP addresses of the target organization is BEST described as:
Match the penetration testing methodology to the description:
- MITRE ATT&CK
- NIST SP 800-115
- PTES
- OWASP WSTG
- OSSTMM
provides information about types of attacks and methods
Match the penetration testing methodology to the description:
- MITRE ATT&CK
- NIST SP 800-115
- PTES
- OWASP WSTG
- OSSTMM
provides information about types of attacks and methods
Match the penetration testing methodology to the description:
- MITRE ATT&CK
- NIST SP 800-115
- PTES
- OWASP WSTG
- OSSTMM
Covers the high-level phases of web application security testing
Match the penetration testing methodology to the description:
- MITRE ATT&CK
- NIST SP 800-115
- PTES
- OWASP WSTG
- OSSTMM
Covers the high-level phases of web application security testing
Match the penetration testing methodology to the description:
- MITRE ATT&CK
- NIST SP 800-115
- PTES
- OWASP WSTG
- OSSTMM
lays out repeatable and consistent security testing
Match the penetration testing methodology to the description:
- MITRE ATT&CK
- NIST SP 800-115
- PTES
- OWASP WSTG
- OSSTMM
lays out repeatable and consistent security testing
Match the penetration testing methodology to the description:
- MITRE ATT&CK
- NIST SP 800-115
- PTES
- OWASP WSTG
- OSSTMM
collection of different matrices of tactics and techniques that adversaries use while preparing for an attack
Match the penetration testing methodology to the description:
- MITRE ATT&CK
- NIST SP 800-115
- PTES
- OWASP WSTG
- OSSTMM
collection of different matrices of tactics and techniques that adversaries use while preparing for an attack
Match the penetration testing methodology to the description:
- MITRE ATT&CK
- NIST SP 800-115
- PTES
- OWASP WSTG
- OSSTMM
provides organizations with guidelines on planning and conducting information security testing
Match the penetration testing methodology to the description:
- MITRE ATT&CK
- NIST SP 800-115
- PTES
- OWASP WSTG
- OSSTMM
provides organizations with guidelines on planning and conducting information security testing
Which THREE of the following are phases within the Penetration Testing Execution Standard (PTES)?
Which THREE of the following are phases within the Penetration Testing Execution Standard (PTES)?
Which TWO options represent distinct phases within the Information Systems Security Assessment Framework (ISSAF)?
Which TWO options represent distinct phases within the Information Systems Security Assessment Framework (ISSAF)?
Which TWO selections accurately reflect phases encompassed by the Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual (OSSTMM)?
Which TWO selections accurately reflect phases encompassed by the Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual (OSSTMM)?
Which penetration testing methodology serves as a comprehensive guide specifically tailored for web application testing?
Which penetration testing methodology serves as a comprehensive guide specifically tailored for web application testing?
Which Kali Linux alternative is geared towards penetration testing and digital forensics?
Which Kali Linux alternative is geared towards penetration testing and digital forensics?
Which URL provides an environment convenient for learning about pen testing methodologies?
Which URL provides an environment convenient for learning about pen testing methodologies?
Why is 'Health Monitoring' a crucial requirement when setting up a penetration testing lab environment?
Why is 'Health Monitoring' a crucial requirement when setting up a penetration testing lab environment?
During a network infrastructure penetration test, what type of tool would be MOST helpful?
During a network infrastructure penetration test, what type of tool would be MOST helpful?
What is the MOST suitable type of tool for performing an application-based penetration test?
What is the MOST suitable type of tool for performing an application-based penetration test?
Which category of tools is MOST crucial when conducting a wireless infrastructure penetration test?
Which category of tools is MOST crucial when conducting a wireless infrastructure penetration test?
What kind of tools are MOST effective for evaluating the security of server and client platforms?
What kind of tools are MOST effective for evaluating the security of server and client platforms?
In scenarios where a system CANNOT be virtualized for penetration testing, what represents the MOST prudent course of action?
In scenarios where a system CANNOT be virtualized for penetration testing, what represents the MOST prudent course of action?
Flashcards
Ethical Hacker
Ethical Hacker
An ethical hacker mimics an attacker to evaluate a network's security, identifying vulnerabilities.
State-Sponsored Attacker
State-Sponsored Attacker
A state-sponsored attacker is a well-funded and motivated group using advanced techniques for financial gain.
Hacktivist
Hacktivist
A hacktivist uses cybercrime to steal and publicly reveal sensitive data to embarrass a target.
State-Sponsored Attack
State-Sponsored Attack
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Insider Threat
Insider Threat
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Application Pen Test Focus
Application Pen Test Focus
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Network Pen Test
Network Pen Test
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Application Pen Test Scope
Application Pen Test Scope
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Bug Bounty Programs
Bug Bounty Programs
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Partially Known Environment Test
Partially Known Environment Test
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Known Environment Pen Test
Known Environment Pen Test
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Unknown-Environment Test
Unknown-Environment Test
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MITRE ATT&CK
MITRE ATT&CK
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NIST SP 800-115
NIST SP 800-115
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PTES Methodology
PTES Methodology
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OWASP WSTG
OWASP WSTG
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OSSTMM
OSSTMM
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PTES Phases
PTES Phases
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ISSAF Phases
ISSAF Phases
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OSSTMM Phases
OSSTMM Phases
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OWASP Focus
OWASP Focus
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BlackArch Linux
BlackArch Linux
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ParrotSec OS
ParrotSec OS
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Health Monitoring in Pen Testing
Health Monitoring in Pen Testing
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Network Pen Test Tools
Network Pen Test Tools
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Application Pen Test Tools
Application Pen Test Tools
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Wireless Pen Test Tools
Wireless Pen Test Tools
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System Testing Tools
System Testing Tools
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Non-virtualized System Action
Non-virtualized System Action
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Study Notes
- Ethical hackers mimic attackers to evaluate a network's security posture.
- State-sponsored attackers are well-funded, motivated groups using the latest techniques for financial gain.
- Hacktivists use cybercrime to steal and publicly reveal sensitive data to embarrass a target.
Threat Actors
- State-sponsored attack: Carried out by governments to disrupt or steal information from other nations.
- Insider threat: An attack from within an organization, often by disgruntled employees.
Penetration Testing Types
- Application-based penetration tests evaluate logic flaws.
- Network infrastructure penetration tests evaluate web servers and IPSs
- Application-based penetration tests on web applications should also include testing access to back-end databases.
Penetration Testing Environments
- Partially known environment penetration test: A hybrid approach between unknown and known environment tests.
- Known environment penetration test: The tester can be provided with network diagrams, IP addresses, configurations, and user credentials.
- Unknown-environment penetration test: Provides the tester with limited information such as domain names in the scope.
Bug Bounty Programs
- Bug bounty programs reward security professionals for finding vulnerabilities in a company's systems.
Penetration Testing Methodologies
- MITRE ATT&CK: A collection of matrices of tactics and techniques that adversaries use while preparing for an attack that provides information about types of attacks and methods.
- NIST SP 800-115: Provides organizations with guidelines on planning and conducting information security testing.
- PTES: Lays out repeatable and consistent security testing.
- Reporting, Enumerating further, and Exploitation are phases in the Penetration Testing Execution Standard (PTES)
- OWASP WSTG: Covers the high-level phases of web application security testing and is a comprehensive guide focused on web application testing.
- OSSTMM: Phases include Work Flow and Trust Analysis.
Pen Testing Tools and Resources
- BlackArch is a Linux distribution with penetration testing tools and resources.
- parrotsec.org is a Linux distribution URL providing a learning pen testing environment.
- During penetration test lab setup, "Health Monitoring" ensures resource availability to prevent false results.
- Bypassing firewalls and IPSs tools are useful when performing a network infrastructure penetration test.
- Application-based penetration tests should use cracking wireless encryption tools.
- Wireless infrastructure penetration tests should use de-authorizing network devices tools.
- Server and client platform testing should use vulnerability scanning tools.
- If a system cannot be tested in a virtualized environment, perform a full backup of the system.
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