Estrogens and Androgens: Hormones Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which hormones are naturally involved in the development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics at puberty?

  • Thyroid hormone and Growth hormone
  • Luteinizing hormone and Follicle-stimulating hormone
  • Progesterone and Testosterone
  • Estrogens and Androgens (correct)

    • What is the therapeutic use of Estrogens and Androgens?

  • Pain management and wound healing
  • Allergy relief and asthma treatment
  • Treatment of diabetes and hypertension
  • Contraception and management of menopausal symptoms (correct)

    • From which compound are Estrogens and Androgens synthesized?

  • Insulin
  • Melatonin
  • Adrenaline
  • Cholesterol (correct)

    • Estrogens and Androgens are naturally involved in the development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics at puberty?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Estrogens and Androgens are only produced by the adrenal glands?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Antagonists of Estrogens and Androgens are used for the treatment or prevention of hormone responsive cancers?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which natural estrogen is primarily found in the ovaries of premenopausal women?

    <p>Estradiol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which compound are most estrone and estriol formed in the liver?

    <p>Estradiol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which period is estriol primarily present?

    <p>Pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Estriol is primarily present during pregnancy?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most estrone and estriol are formed in the liver from estradiol?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Estradiol is primarily found in the ovaries of premenopausal women?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action for synthetic estrogens?

    <p>Binding to specific nuclear proteins interacting with RNA synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic use of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) involving estrogens?

    <p>Management of menopausal symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the additional requirement for women with intact uterus undergoing postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) involving estrogens?

    <p>Addition of a progestogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Synthetic estrogens bind with high affinity to specific nuclear proteins interacting with DNA RNA synthesis proteins needed for physiologic functions. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Postmenopausal hormone therapy involving estrogens is used for menopausal symptoms such as vasomotor instability and urogenital tract atrophy. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vaginal estrogens are used for women with urogenital symptoms as part of postmenopausal hormone therapy. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of a combination of estrogen and progestogen for contraception?

    <p>Effective contraception in women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of estrogen is stored in adipose tissue and released slowly due to its fat solubility?

    <p>Synthetic estrogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of metabolism for natural estrogens when taken orally?

    <p>Rapid metabolism in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Natural estrogens are rapidly metabolized and partially inactivated when taken orally. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vaginal estrogens are used for women with urogenital symptoms as part of postmenopausal hormone therapy. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Synthetic estrogens are stored in adipose tissue and released slowly due to their fat solubility. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of metabolism for natural estrogens when taken orally?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of estrogen is stored in adipose tissue and released slowly due to its fat solubility?

    <p>Synthetic estrogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Orally administered estradiol is primarily metabolized to estrone and estriol?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Estrogens are primarily bound to plasma albumin or sex hormone binding globulin?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Estrone and estriol are primarily metabolized by hepatic CYP 450 enzymes?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is commonly associated with estrogens?

    <p>Breast tenderness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Estrogens can lead to fluid retention. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Estrogens can cause myocardial infarction. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Breast and endometrial cancer are adverse effects of estrogens. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) competes with estrogen on the estrogen receptor in breast tissue and breast tumors?

    <p>Raloxifene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which SERM has estrogen agonist activity in bone and lowers serum total cholesterol and LDL?

    <p>Raloxifene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which SERM interferes with the negative feedback of estrogens on the hypothalamus, leading to ovulation?

    <p>Clomiphene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tamoxifen and raloxifene compete with estrogen on estrogen receptor in breast tissue.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Raloxifene has estrogen agonist activity in bone.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Clomiphene is a partial estrogen antagonist interfering with the negative feedback of estrogens on the hypothalamus ovulation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) is used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis?

    <p>Raloxifene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic use of tamoxifen?

    <p>Metastatic breast cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) is used for symptoms of menopausal women with an intact uterus?

    <p>Bazedoxifene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Raloxifene is primarily used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Clomiphene is used for infertility. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Estrogen can cause myocardial infarction. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) is primarily used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis?

    <p>Raloxifene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary adverse effect associated with tamoxifen use?

    <p>Endometrial hyperplasia and malignancies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme metabolizes selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) into active metabolites?

    <p>CYP 2D6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary adverse effect associated with raloxifene use?

    <p>DVT and PE and Leg Cramps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tamoxifen is primarily metabolized by CYP 450 enzymes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Raloxifene is primarily used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Clomiphene is used for the treatment of infertility.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Synthetic estrogens are stored in adipose tissue and released slowly due to their fat solubility.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme metabolizes selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) into active metabolites?

    <p>CYP 450 enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary adverse effect associated with tamoxifen use?

    <p>Endometrial hyperplasia and malignancies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which SERM has estrogen agonist activity in bone and lowers serum total cholesterol and LDL?

    <p>Raloxifene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is primarily produced in response to LH by males and females?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone binds with high affinity to specific nuclear proteins interacting with DNA RNA synthesis proteins needed for physiologic functions?

    <p>Estradiol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormones are naturally involved in the development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics at puberty?

    <p>Estrogens and androgens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic use of progestogens?

    <p>Contraception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of metabolism for natural estrogens when taken orally?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of metabolism for micronized preparation of progesterone when taken orally?

    <p>Liver metabolism to pregnanediol + glucuronide/sulfate conjugates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic use of progestogens?

    <p>Management of endometriosis and infertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference in metabolism between synthetic progestins and micronized preparation of progesterone?

    <p>Synthetic progestins are less rapidly metabolized compared to natural progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Micronized preparation of progesterone is rapidly absorbed orally. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Synthetic progestins are less rapidly metabolized. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Estriol is primarily present during pregnancy. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Raloxifene has estrogen agonist activity in bone. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which progestogen has the longest half-life?

    <p>IM medroxyprogesterone acetate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is specifically associated with 19-nortestosterone derivatives?

    <p>Hirsutism and acne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which progestogen carries the risk of hyperkalemia when used with drugs that increase potassium levels?

    <p>Drospirenone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which progestogen is an antiprogestin used for the termination of pregnancy when combined with misoprostol?

    <p>Mifepristone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Progestogens have a longer half-life when administered intramuscularly compared to orally. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hirsutism and acne are adverse effects associated with 19-nortestosterone derivatives. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Drospirenone may raise serum potassium levels and pose a risk of hyperkalemia when combined with drugs that increase potassium. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mifepristone is an antiprogestin used for the termination of pregnancy when combined with misoprostol. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action for progestins in contraception?

    <p>Thickening the cervical mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for the use of oral contraceptives?

    <p>Liver disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is specifically associated with estrogens and smoking in women over the age of 35?

    <p>Thromboembolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Estrogens negatively affect FSH release. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Progestins thicken the cervical mucus. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Oral contraceptives are contraindicated in the presence of liver disease. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of thr following is correct type of contraceptive contains both estrogen and progestin?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is the most common estrogen in combination oral contraceptives?

    <p>Ethinyl estradiol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme metabolizes selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) into active metabolites?

    <p>CYP 2D6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hormonal contraceptive is specifically recommended for breastfeeding women or those who have intolerance to estrogen containing products?

    <p>Progestin only pills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which contraceptive method has the potential adverse effect of weight gain and osteoporosis/fractures if used for more than 2 years?

    <p>Injectable progestin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary hormone involved in the postcoital or emergency contraception method using a single high dose of levonorgestrel within 72 hours?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Progestin only pills are suitable for women who are breastfeeding or have intolerance to estrogen containing products. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Injectable progestin can lead to weight gain and osteoporosis after prolonged use. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Long acting reversible contraceptives include progestin implants and progestin intrauterine device. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Emergency contraception with a single high dose of levonorgestrel can be used within 5 days of unprotected intercourse. (True/False)

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important androgen synthesized in the testis, ovaries, and adrenal glands in males and females?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is NOT required for androgens like testosterone, 5 α dihydrotestosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone?

    <p>Promotion of estrogen production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which androgen is primarily involved in the normal maturation of male and sperm production?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Testosterone is the most important androgen synthesized in the testis, ovaries, and adrenal glands in males and females. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Clomiphene is used for infertility. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hirsutism and acne are adverse effects associated with 19-nortestosterone derivatives. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Danazol has weak androgenic activity but has antiestrogenic activity as well.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Testosterone only (or its derivative) is used in females with menopausal symptoms unresponsive to estrogen alone.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anabolic steroids are treatment of chronic wasting due to HIV or cancer.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of administration for testosterone results in more lipid solubility and prolonged duration of action?

    <p>Intramuscular injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Testosterone derivatives with 17α alkylation undergo less hepatic metabolism and can be administered orally.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Oxandrolone and oxymetholone are testosterone derivatives with 17 α alkylation,DHT enabling oral administration.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Testosterone derivatives like methyltestosterone and fluoxymesterone are primarily administered via transdermal patches or topical gels.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Androgens can cause abnormal sexual maturation and growth disturbances in children. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Estrogens can cause myocardial infarction. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect of androgens in females?

    <p>Deepening of the voice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone binds with high affinity to specific nuclear proteins, interacting with DNA RNA synthesis proteins needed for physiologic functions?

    <p>Estrogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hormones Involved in Puberty

    • Estrogens and Androgens are naturally involved in the development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics at puberty
    • Estrogens are primarily found in the ovaries of premenopausal women
    • Androgens are primarily found in the testes of males and adrenal glands in both males and females

    Estrogens

    • Estrogens can be synthesized from cholesterol
    • Estradiol is the most common estrogen in combination oral contraceptives
    • Estrone and estriol are formed in the liver from estradiol
    • Estriol is primarily present during pregnancy
    • Vaginal estrogens are used for women with urogenital symptoms as part of postmenopausal hormone therapy
    • Synthetic estrogens bind with high affinity to specific nuclear proteins interacting with DNA RNA synthesis proteins needed for physiologic functions
    • Estrogens can cause fluid retention, breast and endometrial cancer, and cardiovascular disease

    Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)

    • Tamoxifen competes with estrogen on the estrogen receptor in breast tissue and breast tumors
    • Raloxifene has estrogen agonist activity in bone and lowers serum total cholesterol and LDL
    • Clomiphene interferes with the negative feedback of estrogens on the hypothalamus, leading to ovulation
    • Raloxifene is used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
    • Tamoxifen is used for the treatment of breast cancer
    • Clomiphene is used for the treatment of infertility

    Progestogens

    • Progestogens are involved in the development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics at puberty
    • Progestogens have a longer half-life when administered intramuscularly compared to orally
    • Drospirenone may raise serum potassium levels and pose a risk of hyperkalemia when combined with drugs that increase potassium
    • Mifepristone is an antiprogestin used for the termination of pregnancy when combined with misoprostol
    • Progestins thicken the cervical mucus

    Contraceptives

    • Combination oral contraceptives contain both estrogen and progestin
    • Progestin-only pills are suitable for women who are breastfeeding or have intolerance to estrogen-containing products
    • Injectable progestin can lead to weight gain and osteoporosis after prolonged use
    • Long-acting reversible contraceptives include progestin implants and progestin intrauterine devices
    • Emergency contraception with a single high dose of levonorgestrel can be used within 5 days of unprotected intercourse

    Androgens

    • Testosterone is the most important androgen synthesized in the testis, ovaries, and adrenal glands in males and females
    • Testosterone is primarily involved in the normal maturation of male and sperm production
    • Danazol has weak androgenic activity but has antiestrogenic activity as well
    • Testosterone is used in females with menopausal symptoms unresponsive to estrogen alone

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about estrogens and androgens, the sex hormones produced by gonads, their role in conception, embryonic maturation, development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics at puberty, and their therapeutic uses such as contraception, management of menopausal symptoms, and hormone replacement therapy.

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