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Questions and Answers
What is the role of LH in the two-cell, two-gonadotrophin hypothesis?
What is the role of LH in the two-cell, two-gonadotrophin hypothesis?
Which peptide is produced by granulosa cells that attenuates FSH production?
Which peptide is produced by granulosa cells that attenuates FSH production?
What are the mediators that influence folliculogenesis apart from FSH and LH?
What are the mediators that influence folliculogenesis apart from FSH and LH?
Inhibin, Activin, Growth Factors
The selected dominant follicle requires the most FSH and LH levels to complete maturation.
The selected dominant follicle requires the most FSH and LH levels to complete maturation.
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Within granulosa cells, FSH stimulates aromatization of androgens into ______ by the enzyme aromatase.
Within granulosa cells, FSH stimulates aromatization of androgens into ______ by the enzyme aromatase.
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Which growth factors are mentioned to enhance responsiveness to FSH?
Which growth factors are mentioned to enhance responsiveness to FSH?
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What characterizes the selected dominant follicle during folliculogenesis?
What characterizes the selected dominant follicle during folliculogenesis?
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What is the chief ovarian oestrogen?
What is the chief ovarian oestrogen?
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Study Notes
Two-Cell, Two-Gonadotropin Hypothesis of Estrogen Production
- LH stimulates theca cells to convert cholesterol into androgens
- Androgens are transported to granulosa cells
- FSH stimulates granulosa cells to convert androgens to estrogens via aromatase
- Estrogen (estradiol) increases FSH receptors on granulosa cells
- Estrogen works with FSH to increase LH receptors on granulosa cells
- Androgens (at low levels) enhance estrogen production
- High levels of androgens inhibit estrogen production and cause follicular atresia
Control of Steroidogenesis
- In addition to FSH and LH, other factors (autocrine and paracrine mediators) influence follicle development
- Inhibin, a peptide produced by granulosa cells, reduces FSH production, allowing the dominant follicle to develop. Other follicles undergo atresia.
- Activin, another peptide produced by granulosa cells and the pituitary, increases FSH production (opposite action of inhibin).
- Growth factors (IGF, FGF, EGF) enhance follicle responsiveness to FSH
Selection of the Dominant Follicle
- The dominant follicle has more FSH receptors
- It has higher aromatase activity
- It has higher FSH-induced LH receptors
- It produces more estrogen and inhibin
- It requires lower FSH and LH levels to mature
- Other follicles undergo atresia
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Description
Explore the mechanisms behind estrogen production through the Two-Cell, Two-Gonadotropin hypothesis. This quiz covers how LH and FSH regulate steroidogenesis, the role of inhibin and activin, and the impact of androgens on estrogen production. Understand the complex interplay of hormones in follicle development.
