Essentials of Fire Fighting Chapter 3
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Questions and Answers

Type I construction buildings are considered to be:

  • Hazardous due to the adhesives and industrial glues used during the construction process
  • More likely to suffer structural damage due to the effects of fire
  • More collapse resistant than other building types (correct)
  • The most common type of residential construction encountered by firefighters

    • Multi-story buildings with flat roofs usually have:

  • Different types of structural support systems for every floor
  • The same structural system for the roof and the floors (correct)
  • Cast-in-place concrete roofs
  • Roof decking made of corrugated steel

    • Which window component is the lowest horizontal member of the frame and supports the window hardware?

  • Sill (correct)
  • Sash
  • Jamb
  • Glazing

    • A fusible link on a swinging fire door depends on the heat from a fire to close, so:

    <p>A significant amount of smoke may flow through the door before the door is released</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major problem that rain roofs pose for firefighters?

    <p>They create a void that conceals fires and allows them to burn undetected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The lightweight members of a truss assembly are:

    <p>Susceptible to early failure when exposed to fire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Overhead rolling steel fire doors:

    <p>Ordinarily close under the force of gravity when the fusible link melts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is an accurate statement about fire doors?

    <p>Fire doors are very effective at limiting fire spread if they are properly maintained and operated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can green roofs impact firefighting operations?

    <p>Interfere with ventilation operations and fire location indicators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of window has a large number of narrow glass sections that overlap and swing outward to open?

    <p>Jalousie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which components found in Type III construction buildings may fail quickly when exposed to fire?

    <p>Prefabricated wood truss systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of door is typically the best fire barrier?

    <p>Solid-core door</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Roof security features such as wired glass and iron plates can:

    <p>Make ventilating the roof more difficult and time consuming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are security bars or grills on windows likely to impact fire and life safety?

    <p>Slow access time for firefighters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rolling steel shutters often block interior window openings such as factory office windows and function most similarly to:

    <p>Rolling steel doors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of material is often used in the core of a heavy corrugated steel door?

    <p>Styrofoam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which roof-mounted equipment adds to the load distributed on the roof and can obstruct ventilation efforts?

    <p>Satellite dish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Type I construction buildings:

    <p>Are fire-resistive, but not fireproof</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of stairs are enclosed with 1- or 2-hour fire-rated construction and are part of the required means of egress in a building?

    <p>Protected stairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can unprotected stairs impact firefighting operations?

    <p>Provide a flow path for smoke and fire gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Firefighters should be aware they are likely to find __________ in the space between a building's ceiling and roof when performing vertical ventilation.

    <p>Fire suppression system pipes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When performing vertical ventilation on a roof, firefighters should be aware that a photovoltaic cell that is fire damaged:

    <p>Can still continue to produce electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of firefighting operation are cold roofs likely to negatively impact?

    <p>Ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A window that has one or more top-hinged sashes and uses a crank mechanism to open outward is known as a(n):

    <p>Awning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fire separation walls that divide the roof from neighbouring roofs:

    <p>Extend from the foundation to above the roof</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a roof truss is exposed to fire, the gusset plates will:

    <p>Fall away from burned wood and fail to provide structural support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Firefighters are at risk of becoming trapped in a void space and being caught in extreme fire conditions if they:

    <p>Enter the space between a rain roof and the original roof to ventilate the structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What design feature of revolving doors helps provide an unobstructed opening for people to use as an emergency exit?

    <p>The wings of the doors are designed to collapse under pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The weight of an arched roof is primarily supported by the:

    <p>Exterior walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A fire in a basement:

    <p>Can weaken floor joists and structural supports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Type IV construction is commonly found in:

    <p>Churches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Type V construction buildings have exterior load-bearing walls composed entirely of:

    <p>Wood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Roof penetrations and openings may be helpful to firefighters because they:

    <p>Can indicate the location of rooms such as bathrooms or mechanical spaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action can reduce the effectiveness of a fire wall?

    <p>An owner creating a hole to run electrical wiring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Type II construction different from Type I construction?

    <p>Type II buildings are constructed of lighter-weight materials with lower fire-resistance ratings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are horizontal sliding fire doors commonly constructed?

    <p>Metal-covered wood core with a vent hole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of window consists of only a frame and a glazed stationary sash?

    <p>Fixed window</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When ventilating a pitched roof, what might firefighters typically find applied at right angles directly over the rafters?

    <p>Decking material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fires in basements may be more hazardous than fires in other compartments because of:

    <p>Limited means of ingress/egress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of door has flat face panels that are the full height and width of the door, and are attached to a solid or hollow core?

    <p>Flush door</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sliding doors are not allowed as part of a means of egress because they:

    <p>Slow the travel of people through the door opening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are vertical doors commonly used?

    <p>Fire doors protecting openings that are not part of the required means of egress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristics of Type IV construction helps prevent unseen fire travel?

    <p>Lack of voids or concealed spaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which construction classification requires that all structural members are composed of noncombustible or limited combustible materials with a high fire-resistive rating?

    <p>Type I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Folding doors are used:

    <p>As horizontal fire doors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is likely to happen during a fire in a Type V building?

    <p>Combustible insulation becomes exposed as vinyl siding melts, allowing fire to spread to the interior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature often obstructs firefighters' view of the entire roof?

    <p>Parapet walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Building codes require that glass doors be made out of:

    <p>Tempered glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of window has only one openable sash and balancing devices that hold the movable sash in the desired position?

    <p>Single-hung window</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of door is likely to be encountered as an exit door?

    <p>Swinging door</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The effectiveness of a door as a fire barrier is mainly influenced by its:

    <p>Construction material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Building Construction Overview

    • Type I construction buildings are highly collapse resistant compared to others; they are often made with noncombustible materials.
    • Multi-story buildings with flat roofs commonly use the same structural system for both roof and floors, enhancing uniform support.
    • The sill is the lowest horizontal member of a window frame that supports the window hardware.

    Fire Doors and Safety Features

    • Fusible links on swinging fire doors rely on heat to close, potentially allowing significant smoke to pass before closure.
    • Rain roofs conceal fires by creating void spaces, making detection and suppression difficult.
    • Lightweight truss components are particularly vulnerable to early failure when exposed to fire.

    Firefighter Operations and Building Design

    • Overhead rolling steel fire doors typically close by gravity when the fusible link melts.
    • Proper maintenance of fire doors is crucial; they effectively limit fire spread when functioning correctly.
    • Green roofs can complicate ventilation operations and hinder fire detection efforts.

    Types of Windows and Fire Hazards

    • Jalousie windows consist of multiple sections that swing outward for ventilation.
    • Prefabricated wood truss systems in Type III buildings are prone to quick failure under fire conditions.
    • Solid-core doors offer the best fire barrier protection due to their construction materials.

    Roof and Structural Considerations

    • Roof security features like wired glass complicate ventilation efforts during firefighting.
    • Unprotected stairs can serve as pathways for smoke and fire gases, increasing risks.
    • Photovoltaic cells on roofs maintain electrical output even when damaged by fire, requiring caution during ventilation.

    Fire Construction Types

    • Type IV construction is often seen in churches and helps prevent unseen fire travel due to a lack of voids.
    • Type V buildings typically feature exterior load-bearing walls made entirely of wood, impacting fire spread dynamics.
    • Fire separation walls serve crucial roles by extending from foundations to above the roof, protecting adjacent structures.

    Ventilation Challenges

    • When performing vertical ventilation, be cautious of decking material applied over rafters that may hinder accessibility.
    • Fires in basements pose unique hazards, primarily due to limited ingress/egress compared to above-ground locations.
    • Parapet walls on roofs can obstruct firefighters' view, complicating operational assessments.

    Door Mechanics and Regulations

    • Sliding doors are not suitable for egress pathways as they can impede fast movement during emergencies.
    • Folding doors, often classified as horizontal fire doors, are designed to compartmentalize spaces effectively.
    • Glass doors must be constructed of tempered glass as per building codes for added safety.

    Key Structural Elements

    • Arched roofs derive their weight support mainly from exterior walls, influencing firefighting techniques and strategies.
    • The type of material used in door construction significantly influences its effectiveness as a fire barrier.
    • Understanding window types, such as single-hung windows, helps in identifying escape routes and ventilation strategies during emergencies.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of building construction types as described in Chapter 3 of the Essentials of Fire Fighting 7th Edition. This quiz focuses on the characteristics of Type I construction and its implications for firefighting. Understand the different building types and their resistance to fire and collapse.

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