Essential Health Service Package in Ghana
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Questions and Answers

What is a key aspect of Universal Health Coverage (UHC)?

  • Providing healthcare only to people in urban areas
  • Limiting healthcare access to only those who are employed
  • Ensuring people have access to healthcare only if they can afford it
  • Ensuring people have access to the healthcare they need without financial hardship (correct)

    • A strong primary health care system only delivers high quality care and services.

    False

    What does EHS stand for?

    Essential Health Services Package

    An EHS is central to a country achieving its health improvement and _________ goals.

    <p>financial protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one identified opportunity for advancing PHC in Ghana?

    <p>The development, adoption and financing of an Essential Health Services Package</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Private healthcare service providers offering NHIS services are currently incentivized to provide promotive or preventive care.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym ARHR stand for?

    <p>Alliance for Reproductive Health Rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their definitions:

    <p>UHC = Ensuring people have access to healthcare without financial hardship EHS = A minimum list of public health and clinical services provided by the government PHC = A system that delivers high quality care and services, driving better health and development outcomes. NHIS = The service that if preventive measures are included would increase contribution to national health improvement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What global movement has gained momentum in recent years, with a focus on universal access to affordable and quality healthcare?

    <p>Universal Health Coverage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ghana achieved all of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) related to health.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the provided analysis, what percentage of Ghana's EHS package is not covered by the NHIS?

    <p>60 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect did the disproportionate support of vertical health policies and programs have on Ghana's health system?

    <p>Fragmentation and inequities in service delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ghana has a clearly defined, single EHS package like many other countries.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the NHIS that undermines the principles of primary health care and universal health coverage?

    <p>curative services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A primary health care focused system builds the backbone of an effective health-care system and can reduce the growth in cost of care, lower inequalities in access and reduce disparities in health _______.

    <p>outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason that interventions focused on primary health care, especially at the community level, are more advantageous?

    <p>They are more cost effective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that mental health illness could be the leading global cause of years of life lost to disabilities by ________.

    <p>2020</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Primary health care systems are associated with lower patient satisfaction and increased healthcare spending.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT typically included in the NHIS benefits package?

    <p>Curative services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mental health is a high priority on the national development agenda in Ghana.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two primary examples of Ghana's high-performing healthcare system mentioned?

    <p>Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) and the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many government psychiatric hospitals does Ghana have, and where are they located?

    <p>three, in the southern part of the country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following service types with their descriptions:

    <p>Preventive services = aim to prevent disease before it occurs Curative services = aim to treat health issues once they have occurred Promotive care = aim to enhance overall well-being and quality of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a challenge within Ghana's primary health care (PHC) system?

    <p>Misalignment between facility classification and posted health staff cadre.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Monitoring activities at CHPS compounds are typically reimbursed under the current system in Ghana.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way that Ghana can make progress in the area of mental health?

    <p>Integrating mental health with primary health care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ is less supportive of primary health care and overall UHC targets.

    <p>NHIS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key issue that Ghana needs to reassess in its healthcare policies?

    <p>The inclusion of primary mental health services within the NHIS benefit package.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A Physicians Assistant (Level B) is not qualified to prescribe a broader range of services and medicines.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What goal does SDG 3 focus on?

    <p>Promotion of healthy lifestyles and wellbeing for all</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ARHR recommend that Ghana's government develop?

    <p>A national primary health care strategy or policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The EHS package is not related to health system reform and development.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the EHS package be aligned with to ensure cost of services are covered?

    <p>NHIS benefits package</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The delivery of the EHS package cannot be achieved independent of a robust and well-structured health care _______.

    <p>system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a goal of primary health care?

    <p>Realisation of universal health coverage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The EHS package should not align with the national priorities outlined in the current Health Sector Medium Term Development plan.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the website address of the Alliance for Reproductive Health Rights (ARHR)?

    <p><a href="http://www.arhr.org.gh">www.arhr.org.gh</a></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

    <p>EHS package = Essential Health Services package NHIS = National Health Insurance Scheme ARHR = Alliance for Reproductive Health Rights SDG 3 = Sustainable Development Goal 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Essential Health Service Package for Primary Health Care in Ghana

    • Ghana needs an Essential Health Services Package (EHS) to improve affordability and accessibility of primary care
    • UHC (Universal Health Coverage) movement is pushing for affordable and quality care
    • Ghana's experiences with MDGs show fragmented health services, vertical policies and inequities in service delivery
    • The NHIS (National Health Insurance Scheme) and CHPS (Community-Based Health Planning and Services) in Ghana are cited as exemplary primary health care programs, however, there are significant gaps in quality, access and affordability
    • EHS is a guaranteed minimum list of health and clinical services offered by the government
    • The EHS in Ghana is not explicitly defined and lacks a consolidated primary health care package

    Preventative & Promotive Care in Ghana's EHS

    • Current NHIS focuses on curative services, not preventative care, which undermines primary health care
    • Essential services like family planning, counselling, outreach and task-shifted activities at CHPS compounds are not covered by the NHIS
    • Preventive and promotive services are crucial components of a robust primary health care system
    • Government incentives for services are missing affecting private health initiatives to offer preventative care
    • The lack of integration of mental health in the EHS package is a major concern

    Mental Health & EHS

    • Mental health is neglected due to significant treatment gaps, limited resources and scarcity of specialists in facilities
    • Mental health services are missing and urgently need consideration within the EHS package
    • Integration of mental health services into primary care is essential, especially at the community level according to SDG3 promoting healthy lifestyles and wellbeing

    PHC System Development

    • Staff and facility misalignment, especially between facility classification and health personnel qualifications, is a substantial challenge
    • Clear guidelines stating appropriate services at each healthcare level and costs for those services would significantly enhance effectiveness

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    Essential Health Service Package for PHC in Ghana PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the Essential Health Services Package (EHS) required to enhance primary health care in Ghana. It addresses key components such as accessibility, affordability, and the impact of existing health programs like NHIS and CHPS. Additionally, it discusses the current focus on curative services over preventative care and the implications for Universal Health Coverage.

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