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Essential Fatty Acids in the Human Body

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of omega-3 fatty acids like EPA and DHA?

They are essential for the prevention and treatment of heart disease.

Both a and b (correct)

They are essential for kidney and liver function.

They are essential for normal growth and cognitive development, especially in the eyes and brain.

What is the primary member of the omega-3 family?

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)

Linolenic acid (correct)

Arachidonic acid

Linoleic acid

What is the purpose of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL)?

It stores fat in the adipose tissue.

It hydrolyzes triglycerides from lipoproteins, producing glycerol, fatty acids, and monoglycerides that enter the adipose cells. (correct)

It regulates energy balance and influences several body functions.

It converts food fats to body fat.

What is the key difference between the liver's glycogen stores and the body's fat stores?

The body's fat stores have unlimited capacity to store fat, thanks to the special cells of the adipose tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of a deficiency in omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA)?

All of the above. Signup and view all the answers

Why is fat-free milk not recommended for young children and infants?

Fat-free milk contains no PUFA, which can lead to deficiency symptoms. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fatty acids can the human body not synthesize and must be obtained from the diet?

Linoleic acid Signup and view all the answers

How does the body produce longer-chain fatty acids from the essential fatty acids?

By desaturation and elongation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary member of the omega-6 family of fatty acids?

Linoleic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective way to maintain body supplies of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids?

Obtain them directly from foods like vegetable oils, seeds, nuts, and fish Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of consuming too much of one family of essential fatty acids?

It can create a deficiency of the other family's longer fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

If the body cannot obtain linoleic acid from the diet, what would become essential?

Omega-6 PUFA 20:4 and other fatty acids derived from linoleic acid Signup and view all the answers