Essential Factors of Labor (5 P's)

<p>12-18 months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>9.5 cm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breech presentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Station (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Descent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased pain perception (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The thinning and shortening of the cervix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oblique lie (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gynecoid pelvis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Caput succedaneum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To protect the organs within the pelvic cavity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ischial spines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False pelvis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sacrococcygeal joint (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coccyx (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ilium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provides stability and flexibility between the innominate bones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To serve as a birth canal during delivery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>On the ischium, used to determine lower pelvic width (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bony pelvis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It slows down the speed of birth, reducing sudden pressure increases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transverse diameter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Android pelvis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can result in difficulties during vaginal deliveries. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They aid in assessing fetal descent and engagement. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Equal AP and transverse diameters with a well-rounded inlet. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relaxin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>11.5 cm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The AP diameter is greater than the transverse diameter. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Narrow pubic arch. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The part of the fetus that is first entering the birth canal.

The head is the presenting part of the fetus.

The birth position where the buttocks or feet are delivered first.

Relationship between the fetus's long axis to the mother's long axis.

Relationship of a specific landmark on the presenting part to the mother's pelvis.

Position of the presenting part in relation to the mother's ischial spines.

Series of movements the fetus makes during labor to descend.

Maternal fear or tension can affect labor progress and pain perception.

The widest measurement across the pelvic inlet, usually measured between the iliopectineal lines.

The diagonal measurement across the pelvic inlet from the right sacroiliac joint to the left iliopectineal eminence.

The diagonal measurement across the pelvic inlet from the left sacroiliac joint to the right iliopectineal eminence.

The space between the pelvic inlet and outlet, a curved and snug passage that helps to regulate the speed of birth.

Important landmarks within the pelvic canal used to assess fetal descent and engagement during labor.

The measurement of the pelvic inlet or outlet from front to back.

The measurement from the middle of the sacrum to the symphysis pubis.

The distance between the two ischial spines.

A pelvis with measurements less than 1.5-2 cm on any diameter, making vaginal delivery unlikely.

A male-like pelvis with a narrow, shallow posterior portion, a pointed anterior portion, and a heart-shaped inlet.

These five factors influence the progress of labor: Passage, Passenger, Powers, Position, Psyche.

The passage refers to the route the fetus travels from the uterus through the cervix and vagina to the external perineum. It includes the bony pelvis and soft tissues.

The pelvis is composed of four bones: the sacrum, coccyx, and two innominate bones (ilium, ischium, pubis).

The ilium forms the upper and lateral portion of the pelvis, with the iliac crest being the prominent part you see.

The ischium is the inferior portion of the pelvis. It includes the ischial tuberosities (where you sit) and ischial spines that mark the pelvic midpoint.

The pubis is the anterior part of the innominate bones. The symphysis pubis is the junction of these bones at the front of the pelvis.

The sacrum forms the upper posterior portion of the pelvic ring. The sacral prominence is its anterior part, where it touches the lumbar vertebrae.

The coccyx is below the sacrum, composed of five fused bones. The sacrococcygeal joint allows movement during childbirth.

The pelvis protects pelvic organs, provides muscle attachment, supports the uterus during pregnancy, and serves as the birth canal.

False pelvis supports the uterus in late pregnancy and directs the fetus into the true pelvis for birth. True pelvis is the actual birth canal.

Spaces between the bones of a baby's skull, allowing for flexibility during birth and brain growth.

The largest soft spot on a baby's head, located at the intersection of the sagittal, frontal, and coronal sutures.

The smallest AP diameter of the fetal skull, measured from the inferior aspect of the occiput to the anterior fontanel.

Overlapping of the skull bones during childbirth, reducing the size of the fetal head to help with delivery.

Good attitude is when the fetal head is fully flexed, while moderate flexion means the head is partially deflexed.